I know that Biko's point about improved study skills may sound trite but I believe there is some truth to it. Knowing how to study is not automatic. It is an art that has to be taught and I believe that this is a missing ingredient. We should try to address that skill.
But there are other issues at stake, here. I have found that Black students who did their high school in Africa and the Caribbean, perform better than those trained here in the US, granted that there are some exceptions here and there.This means that if you are an African American moving through the U.S educational system from pre-school, you are at a disadvantage. The cause of this is partly race related. Visit high schools in your state and see whether the quality of the schools, in terms of equipment and overall infrastructure, is equally distributed. Factor in demographic profiles. Put another way, are the high schools in East Hartford equivalent to those of Cheshire? Not really.
It also has something to do with the postcolonial agenda and a measure of relative success at the level of education in some African and Caribbean countries. It is an inconvenient truth for those of us dissatisfied with the level of accomplishment in that arena, in these regions, but it is common knowledge in the Caribbean, that you are likely to get a better high school education there than in the US.
Does racism privilege African Africans over African Americans? Occasionally so, but this comes into operation largely at the post- graduate level. My African American colleague with a doctorate from Cornell University is yet to find a full time job in the university system. But White racism likes to have poster children. Gee! See how well we are doing. We have one Black faculty (from Togo) in the department. That one Black faculty thinks he/she is there because of his/her superb academic skills and total merit, and that my Cornell graduate is non-existent. His or her ego prevents a deeper sociological analysis of the reality. Yes, there are brilliant AfAfs - but don't fool yourself. The US is not a true meritocracy.
It is also important to look at what Patricia Collins, Black Feminist Thought (2009), calls the intersectionality of race, class, gender and sexuality in the matrix of domination.
White racism is encompassing, especially in the era of Trump, but it is adept at divide and rule politics. My Cornell student protesters must be careful not to fall into that trap.
Gloria Emeagwali
gloriaemeagwali.com
Sent: Wednesday, October 25, 2017 10:09 AM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Cornell¹s Black Student Disunion
Kwame better is a relative concept with alternative angles of meanings. I premised my conclusions on your previous position that has some empiricisms to it that are measurable. Thus comparative performances predicated on "better" should not be "rejected," but rather nuanced or problematized. I am not getting your arguments and your conclusions! Are you saying that white racism encourages the academic performances of African Africans in the USA, while it discourages the academic performances of African Americans? You write "better" is measured on terms designated by the white status quo and does nothing to challenge the white racist status quo." Does this mean that if African Africans do "better" in schools it promotes white racist status quo and does it mean that if a heterogeneous group does not do well, it then marginalizes or defangs white racism.? I didn't have to belabor the ways that African Americans have benefited from Africans and vice versa. I raised that to counter your statements like "Recent immigrants to America benefit from Black America's unfinished business of racial justice for centuries of white racial terror." I think instead of contesting the academic performances of African Africans in the frameworks immigration, race, and racism, we should rather seek to understand "how" African Africans do "well," if not "better" while others don't. Based on your arguments, I would suggest that white racism in the USA is encompassing, not selective in the sense that it privileges and favors African Africans and their children's educational pursuits. You are free to disagree with my generous position that newly-arrived African Africans find it more difficult to navigate the murky waters of racism than African Americans.
Kwabena
Sent: October 25, 2017 2:26 AM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Cornell¹s Black Student Disunion
===
kwame zulu shabazz
skype: kwame zulu shabazz
twitter: https://twitter.com/kzshabazz
===
THE NEUTRAL SCHOLAR IS AN IGNOBLE MAN. Here, a man must be hot, or be accounted cold, or, perchance, something worse than hot or cold. The lukewarm and the cowardly, will be rejected by earnest men on either side of the controversy." Fredrick Douglass, "The Claims of the Negro, Ethnologically Considered" (1854).
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EVERY ARTIST, EVERY SCIENTIST MUST DECIDE, NOW, WHERE HE STANDS. He has no
alternative. There are no impartial observers. Through the destruction, in certain countries, of man's literary heritage, through the propagation of false ideas of national and racial superiority, the artist, the scientist, the writer is challenged. This struggle invades the former cloistered halls of our universities and all her seats of learning. The battlefront is everywhere. There is no sheltered rear. The artist elects to fight for freedom or slavery. I have made my choice! I had no alternative! - Paul Robeson, speech about the Spanish Civil War at the Albert Hall, London,on 24th June 1937
About the below, I will make simple observations
African Africans who live the USA face the same institutional white racism, sometimes worse ,because they don't know how to navigate its murky waters!
African Americans have also benefited from forms of empowerment that had its roots in Africa, for example, the Italian occupation of Ethiopia and the rhythmic osmosis of decolonization in Africa championed by Nkrumah and co. Sometimes African American political energies and unity arise when they engage Africa, for example, Apartheid struggles.
You are not suggesting that what Africa Africans study in America on the desk of white racism is not the same as what African Americans study. So look for a variable that account for why African Africans do better in school than their cousins
I think you are half-right. Yes, institutional racism is an actual thing that African Americans have resisted and continue to resist and challenge. Recent immigrants to America benefit from Black America's unfinished business of racial justice for centuries of white racial terror. Simply learning better study habits isn't the point of all this. We must question what is being studied. Who sets the terms? Whose interests are being served? White knowledge was built on Black subordination. White America must be held accountable for centuries of white racial terror against its Black, Brown, and indigenous citizens. Getting good grades without raising your voice against white supremacy is a sort of assimilation that perpetuates the problem.
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com > on behalf of kwame zulu shabazz <kwameshabazz@gmail.com>
Sent: October 24, 2017 3:15 AM
To: USA Africa Dialogue Series
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Cornell¹s Black Student DisunionTo unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@Brother Biko,--
I think you are half-right. Yes, institutional racism is an actual thing that African Americans have resisted and continue to resist and challenge. Recent immigrants to America benefit from Black America's unfinished business of racial justice for centuries of white racial terror. Simply learning better study habits isn't the point of all this. We must question what is being studied. Who sets the terms? Whose interests are being served? White knowledge was built on Black subordination. White America must be held accountable for centuries of white racial terror against its Black, Brown, and indigenous citizens. Getting good grades without raising your voice against white supremacy is a sort of assimilation that perpetuates the problem.
We must be clear that the aim of white supremacy, institutional or otherwise, is to destroy Black, Brown, and indigenous people and create passive assimilated bodies who don't challenge said systems. Indeed, the Movement for Black Lives is an example of a long continuum of Black resistance to domestic white terrorism. African American resistance to white racial terror was a necessary struggle in 1917 and it is no less necessary in 2017. The author's effort to gloss over that fact with the phrase "victimhood" is racist and offensive. There are Black political prisoners who have been in prison since the 1960s. Assata Shakur and others have been in exile nearly as long. Is it the author's position that Assata suffers from "victimhood"? What about 12 year-old Tamir Rice? Tamir was executed in less than two seconds by a police officer. Do we blame Tamir's murder on "victimhood"? There are millions of stories of black people who have been terrorized generation, after generation, after generation. The outcome of white racial terror are vast race-based inequalities that an educated immigrant can side-step by looking straight ahead, getting good grades, causing no controversies, and raising no uncomfortable questions with our white oppressors.
Talented Africans leave their homelands because their aspirations are crushed under systems that were imposed by white people and now managed by black "matadors" (to borrow Chinweizu's phrase). Ironically, many of them wind up migrating to the very source of their problem--Europe and America. Many talented African Americans, by comparison, are crushed in ghettos created by white American racists. I don't plan of dying in America. But I have been fortunate to develop a longstanding relationship with an African nation (Ghana). Most African Americans don't have that experience. America, the land that hates them, is the only home they will ever know. Who will treat the centuries of trauma that Africans stuck American have endured? How can you treat the trauma if the oppression is ongoing? Given these conditions, we have no option but to keep fighting. "Success," then, should not be measured solely by standards created by white people to maintain white power. A better standard is to what degree do students agitate against the institutions aimed at destroying them. Du Bois was a "success." But after centuries of vicious harassment by the US government, Du Bois quit America and died in Ghana. The brilliant Paul Robeson was a "success." But Robeson chose to speak out against US imperialism abroad and racism at home. Robeson was also viciously harassed and probably poisoned by the US govt under the MkUltra program. Dr. King was a "success." But the US government literally tried to force him to commit suicide. See the pattern? The pathological US government murders, incarcerates, smears our most talented leaders and then that same pathological government labels Black people pathological.
All Black Lives Matter,
kzs
On Thursday, October 19, 2017 at 2:05:22 PM UTC-5, Biko Agozino wrote:A few have always risen against the odds and the few African African immigrant students who excel are not the rule. They come from populations with mass failures in examinations. About 80% of Nigerian students have been failing high school exams in Nigeria for decades. The theory of Chua and Rubenfeld missed this by overgeneralizing their convenient samples, one of their examples is Justice Sotomayor who was failing in high school until she asked a successful classmate to teach her how to study effectively. The missing link is lack of training in study skills. Our students are being given fish by teachers but they are not taught how to fish. Once students master study skills, they will excel even against the odds. African American students at Cornell cannot be labelled failures simple because they complain about institutional racism which is a reality that African African students should speak out against too. Any student at Cornell must be good enough to get there in the first place. The problem lies in the high school where every course is taught but not study skills. We have a proposal to experiment by working with failing high schools to teach study skills and then compare the learning results with control group of schools. We hypothesize that knowledge of smart study skills will achieve better results than the gospel of hard work. We have shared our action research design with many state governors internationally but no takers yet.
Biko
On Thursday, 19 October 2017, 05:32:40 GMT-4, Toyin Falola <toyin...@austin.utexas.edu> wrote:
--Cornell's Black Student Disunion
https://www.wsj.com/article_em
ail/cornells-black-student-dis union-1508364848-lMyQjAxMTA3NT E4ODcxMjg4Wj/ A radical group calls on the university to disfavor immigrants.
Photo: istock/Getty ImagesByOct. 18, 2017 6:14 p.m. ETNaomi Schaefer RileyA century ago, colleges cared if your ancestors came over on the Mayflower. Now some are demanding that when universities admit black students, they give preference to descendants of those who arrived on slave ships. Black Students United at Cornell last month insisted the university "come up with a plan to actively increase the presence of underrepresented Black students." The group noted, "We define underrepresented Black students as Black Americans who have several generations (more than two) in this country."
After widespread criticism—including a student op-ed with the headline "Combating White Supremacy Should Not Entail Throwing Other Black Students Under the Bus"—the group backtracked, sort of. It apologized for "any conflicting feelings this demand may have garnered from the communities we represent." But if the purpose of racial preferences is to promote "diversity," as the Supreme Court has held, why don't immigrants count?
The BSU argued that "the Black student population at Cornell disproportionately represents international or first-generation African or Caribbean students. While these students have a right to flourish at Cornell, there is a lack of investment in Black students whose families were affected directly by the African Holocaust in America."
There's a contradiction here. For years liberal writers have blamed black poverty and undereducation on racism—the experience of being more likely to be pulled over by police, to be looked at suspiciously in department stores, to be discriminated against in schools and the workplace.
But it doesn't seem to be the case, at least not to the same degree, among immigrants. "The more strongly black immigrant students identify with their specific ethnic origins, the better they perform [academically]," Amy Chua and Jed Rubenfeld observed in their 2014 book, "The Triple Package."
Anecdotal examples are easy to find. The website Face2FaceAfrica noted in April that Ifeoma White-Thorpe, a New Jersey teen born in Nigeria, had joined "a remarkable roll call of high-flying African-American students who were accepted into all 8 Ivy League Universities." Among them: Ghanaian-American Kwasi Enin, Somali-American Munira Khalif and Nigerian-Americans Harold Ekeh and Augusta Uwamanzu-Nna.
Why does racism not seem to keep black immigrants down? The answer is obvious: Black immigrant culture tends to value academic achievement and believe it is possible no matter what happened to your ancestors. As one business school graduate born to Nigerian parents tells Ms. Chua and Mr. Rubenfeld: "If you start thinking about or becoming absorbed in the mentality that the whole system is against us then you cannot succeed."
Groups like the Cornell BSU insist that the system is out to get them and they cannot succeed. This makes the presence of high-achieving immigrant black students inconvenient. Between diversity and victimhood as the highest good in today's academia, it's hard to know where to place your money.
Ms. Riley is a senior fellow at the Independent Women's Forum.
Appeared in the October 19, 2017, print edition.
Toyin FalolaDepartment of HistoryThe University of Texas at AustinAustin, TX 78712-0220USA512 475 7222 (fax)
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