power without others sustaining him in power, and that means enabling
them to profit from such positions. it is very very rare for a long term
ruler not to enrich himself, and pay off those who keep him in power. i
could cite innumerable examples.
so, ghaddafi? million dollar performances from famous singers? untold
wealth? not a big part of this story, as it was with mubarak and ben
ali, especially the crassness of this with ben ali and his wife?
ken
On 3/3/11 4:32 PM, Anunoby, Ogugua wrote:
> Ghadafi's present predicament is pitiable but instructive. His successful 1969 revolt against an anachronistic, corrupt, feudal monarchy that was installed by a corrupt and tired imperialist empire (Turkey) was welcomed by most Libyans and therefore popular.
> Ghadafi started well. He had a better than average chance to transform Libya from a backward feudal country to a modern one. He had all the money he needed. He was guided for many years by the mission and objectives of the military putsch that he led. He won many admirers at home and overseas by keeping the rank of colonel and not promoting himself to the rank of general as most successful coup plotters do. He chose to lose his way.
> Ghadafi's long tenure caused him, I believe, to become another victim of the over-stay leader's disease. He lost many of his fellow coup plotters and sincere friends. These compatriots and friends were replaced by sycophants for the most part. He transformed from a revolutionary leader to an imperious leader with a larger than life ego. He came to believe that his thoughts were Libya's thought and also that what was good for him was incontrovertibly good for Libya. He would only hear his own voice. He took himself too seriously and took Libyans for granted. He became Libya's problem.
> Only time will tell how the present crisis in Libya will be resolved or resolve itself. Whatever happens, Ghadafi has become a damaged good. He has suffered irreparable disgrace. The Igbos of Nigeria say that the death of a great man is preferable to his disgrace. This might be the case with Ghadafi.
>
> oa
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com [mailto:usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
> Sent: Wednesday, March 02, 2011 6:41 PM
> To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com; Tenka Media; abolo; gbenga oduntan
> Subject: RE: USA Africa Dialogue Series - The War For Libya Rages
>
> Toyin has asked some great questions. When Gadhafi (Ghadaffi) came to power he was a young, fiery, revolutionary,
> walking in the footsteps of Nasser. He had the kind of audacity that Obama portrayed during his 2008 election campaign.
> He challenged western arrogance and dared to speak up for oppressed groups somewhat. That was the Ghadaffi
> of the late 60s and 70s.
>
> He lost his way in the 80s and 90s. He got involved in all kinds of causes, the good, the bad and the ridiculous, while
> ignoring his home base.You would think that every Libyan would have free health care, education and subsidized
> housing and a good standard of living. To take case of 5 million inhabitants with an export of 1.8 million barrels
> of high quality oil, at its height, should not have been such a big deal.Now we know that the Ghaddafi dynasty
> stashed away billions instead of investing a decent share of the oil money in the homeland
>
> Stolen money....At first the British said 30 billion dollars - but all of a sudden that figure apparently has been
> reduced to under a billion. Surprise? On the American side, the figure given is about 30 billion so far. Australia,
> Canada and a lot of other countries have lucrative banking stories to tell. But on the plus side we must note his
> contributions to the African Union ....although he took away with his left hand what he gave with his right. Here
> I refer to his support of bloody movements such as that of Liberia's Taylor,renegades in Sierra Leone,
> Central African Republic etc.interventions which prolonged bloody civil wars.
> Support of the IRA may be seen as one of his more rational moves. Lockerbie bombing-
> retaliatory for Reagan's bombing of his home, military and infrastructure ...... but crazy.
>
>
> This seems to be the first of the Arab revolutions where the citizens have fought back with military
> weapons and are operating like soldiers.
>
> Note that there are many defectors from the military.
>
> How are they able to capture entire cities?
>
> Mass indignation.
>
> Is anyone assisting these people?
>
> A bit of Egyptian support in the mix? Unconfirmed.
> How are Bush and his neo-conservatives seeing all this?
>
> With total fear and trepidation........and counter plotting.
>
> How would Yasser Arafat, Ariel Sharon, Moshe Dayan, ................... have seen these developments?
> Well Egypt and Tunisia seem to be going a different route from Libya thus far.At the end of the day, though,
> Israel's oppression of the Palestinians may not be given a free pass by the new regimes.To early to tell, though.
>
> Can these revolutions be understood in Marxist terms?
> This could be the moment of Mao rather than Marx or Lenin.
>
> Dr. Gloria Emeagwali
> www.africahistory.net<http://www.africahistory.net/>
> www.esnips.com/web/GloriaEmeagwali<http://www.esnips.com/web/GloriaEmeagwali>
>
> ________________________________
> From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com [usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of toyin adepoju [toyin.adepoju@googlemail.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, March 02, 2011 8:14 AM
> To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com; Tenka Media; abolo; gbenga oduntan
> Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - The War For Libya Rages
>
> Who would have guessed as of December last year that this kind of thing was possible?
>
> An uprising, and a determined one, from within Libya against strong man Ghadaffi?
>
> A ruler whose name is indelibly part of 20th century global history on the verge of being ousted, not by a well armed force,not by the CIA and the customary devils but by people within Libya, ordinary citizens.
>
> Wonderful...
>
> I wish my father lived to witness this. It was through him I learnt about Ghaddafi from when Ghaddafi began to make his name in the 60s.
>
> This seems to be the first of the Arab revolutions where the citizens have fought back with military weapons and are operating like soldiers. How did they learn to use those weapons? How are they able to capture entire cities? How are they finding the courage to continue in spite of the assault by pro-Ghaddafi forces when they began as unarmed protesters in the first place? How come they reorganized their methods of rebellion so quickly from peaceful protest to armed resistance? Is anyone assisting these people? There seems to be a strong military mentality in action.
>
> How are Bush and his neo-conservatives seeing all this? This is an outcome beyond the dreams of anybody and it is unfolding before our very eyes.
>
> How would Yasser Arafat, Ariel Sharon, Moshe Dayan, the war horses who were central to shaping the second stage of the Israeli Palestbininan conflict-the first stage being the events that led to the founding of Israel and its early wars of survival, a period where Menachem Begin, Ben Gurion,Gamal Abdel Nasser and others were prominent- have seen these developments?
>
> I have not read it but I understand Karl Popper wrote the Poverty of Historicism in challenge of the Marxist vision of predicting history.
>
> Can these revolutions be understood in Marxist terms?
>
> Plenty of writing will be done and conferences held in centuries to come on this great turning point in the history of the world which these revolutions might become.
>
> I hope for revolutions in Palestine and Israel that will sweep out the hard-liners like the Netanyahus who live and breathe Israeli supremacist culture and Palestinians who are stiff necked, so that the Mideast-the Levant(?) will be under the control of its citizens, not political ideologues.
>
> I pray the Western powers do not intervene in Libya. That will grant them a beachhead in the Middle East/ Levant that might make it easier to manipulate these peoples' uprisings to their advantage. Happily,Russia is arguing that such actions would be superfluous.
>
> This analysis of mine is describing these revolutions as Arab not primarily African revolutions.
>
> How valid is that? Does the greater cultural and political affinity between African Arabs with Arabs in the Middle East/ Levant justify that?
>
> Can this wind of change blow into Africa beyond the Sahara or even into all those bastions of injustice elsewhere, where indigenous people have been marginalized, where powerful governments usurp others lands or manilpuate them as in Iraq, where both native people and external forces create chaos as the Taliban and the US in Afghanistan?
>
> Who would have dared to hope that Ghaddafi could be fought and even outfought by his own people?
>
> The old saying is again confirmed- the only constant is change.
>
> thanks
> toyin
>
> On 2 March 2011 11:06, Abdul Karim Bangura<theai@earthlink.net<mailto:theai@earthlink.net>> wrote:
> Wednesday, March 2, 2011 3:52:00 AM EST
> Gadhafi forces bomb rebel-held town in east Libya
>
>
> Photo: AP
>
> BENGHAZI, Libya (AP) - Forces loyal to Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi retook control of a key oil installation and port on the coast of the rebel-held eastern half of the country on Wednesday and the regime's warplanes bombed an ammunition depot on the outskirts of a nearby town also controlled by the opposition, witnesses said.
>
> The attacks appear to signal Gadhafi's forces are escalating a counteroffensive after government opponents over the past two weeks have seized control of the eastern half of the country and several cities and towns in the western half near the capital Tripoli.
>
> On Tuesday, loyalists pushed back rebels from towns near Tripoli, where Gadhafi appears to be in full control. They also kept up military operations for a second straight day to try wrest control of Zawiya, the city closest to the capital which is in the hands of his opponents. But rebels, backed by mutinous army forces and their weapons, have managed to repel those attacks and hold on to Zawiya so far.
>
> Ahmed Jerksi, manager of the massive oil installation in the eastern town of Brega on the Mediterranean coast, said pro-Gadhafi forces retook control of the facility at dawn without using force. Breqa is about 125 miles (200 kilometers) from Libya's second-largest city Benghazi, the nerve center of the rebel-held east.
>
> There are about 4,000 oil workers at the facility and there had been at least one checkpoint near the facility which was guarded by a small contingent of armed rebel forces from the area. But there were no reports of clashes between the two sides.
>
> "It's not an attack. We are OK. The government troops came in to secure the whole area. Our concern is to maintain the facility," he told The Associated Press.
>
> Witnesses said that a rebel force was marching on Brega.
>
> Also Wednesday, warplanes bombed an ammunition depot on the outskirts of the rebel-held eastern town of Ajdabiya, a little more than 40 miles northeast of Brega and 85 miles (140 kilometers) south of Benghazi and also on the Mediterranean coast.
>
> Libyan forces have launched repeated airstrikes during the two-week revolt but all of them have been reported to target facilities that store weapons in areas controlled by the rebellion. However, some air forces have said they bailed out because they were ordered to bomb civilians.
>
> Witnesses told the AP they saw two warplanes bomb the eastern outskirts of Ajdabiya at 10 a.m. local time.
>
> They also said pro-Gadhafi forces were advancing on the town, some 470 miles (750 kilometers) east of the capital Tripoli.
>
> "I see two jets bombing now," said one witness who, like the others, spoke on condition of anonymity because he feared reprisals. Another witness said rebel forces were rushing to the western side of Ajdabiya to meet the advancing pro-Gadhafi force.
>
> "We are ready to repel their attack," said the witness.
>
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michigan state university
department of english
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ph. 517 803 8839
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