Dark cloud over 2013 budget as Nigeria loses US crude oil market
on June 10, 2013 /
By Omoh Gabriel
Last week at the OPEC meeting in Vienna, the Minister of Petroleum resources was reported as expressing concern over China and America sourcing energy from shale oil. Early in the year this column raised alarm over the development. We reproduce this article first published in January 2013 as a reminder that Nigeria should diversify its economy as fast as possible.
Nigerians whose pass time is bickering over oil resources may soon find out that what they consider as the goose that lays the golden eggs will no longer give them the resources to steal from. Oil may soon be selling for far below the 1982 price level. No thanks to President Barack Obama who at his first term inauguration urged Americans on to find a solution to the country's continued dependence on external oil. Five years down the line, America is almost self sufficient in oil production and is now turning down offers from traditional suppliers. America is one country where when the government decides on a line of action it follows through.
But in Nigeria for over two years now the issue of the Petroleum Industry Bill passage has been with us without progress. While others are busy finding alternative to crude oil as means of energy, Nigeria's policy makers are busy stealing the little resources available to diversify the economy. Shamefully, just last week former President of Botswana said at Daily Trust Forum that it amounts to criminal negligence for Nigeria leaders to continue to steal the people's resources entrusted to them through corruption practices.
Last week the news wire were awash with reports that The United States, the highest importer of Nigeria crude now gets so much crude from its own shale deposits that Canadian exporters to US are selling as far a field as Europe, showing how deeply the U.S. energy revolution is transforming global oil flows. 
As recently as 2011, close to 100 per cent of Canada's crude exports went to its neighbour the United States, according to the U.S. government's Energy Information Administration (EIA). But trade and shipping sources said more than 2 million barrels of light crude from Canadian offshore oilfields have gone to Europe in the last month, in a taste of what is to come. The change is due to technological advances the U.S. expects will bring 900,000 barrels per day (bpd) record jump in its oil output to 7.3 million bpd in 2013, from places like the Bakken shale deposit in North Dakota that now feeds U.S. East Coast refineries served by Canada.
While this revolution is taking place in the international oil market Nigeria federal executive arm of government is at war with federal legislators on the right budget bench mark for crude oil, but the oil market equation is fasting changing against Nigeria. While the executive favours the use of $75 dollars per barrel the legislators pegged the budget at $79 dollars. Both parties will soon discover that they have been too optimistic about the international oil market.
From the look of things both side should review the budget and reduce the bench mark to $60 per barrel. US refineries' traditional suppliers Nigeria, is to seek alternative customers and is feeling the pinch of the new Canadian competition in its established European markets. Besides Canada, other traditional supplies to US market will seek customers in Europe and Asia. If most suppliers of crude are now to face a shrinking market in Europe, one thing is sure, the price of crude will nose dive south word, meaning a crash in prices of crude. Th
is apparently will derail the 2013 budget, no doubt. Hitherto, US oil reserves have been too expensive to recover using old technology. New technology of a drilling technique called hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, in which water, sand and chemicals are forced deep underground to drive out trapped oil and gas, have allowed access to millions of barrels of U.S. oil that were previously unattainable. This shale oil is sweet – meaning it has low sulphur levels and is suitable for the U.S. refiners – like the Canadian and Nigeria oil it is supplanting.
To the average America oil trader Shale oil is making its way to the east coast of the United States by rail instead of shipping from long distance, so this is backing out offshore sweet east coast Canadian and Nigeria production. For oil traders the profit margin had widened sufficiently for arbitrage as it allowed for a nominal profit of nearly $1 million on 600,000 barrel shipment.
The question is where is Nigerian NNPC seeking new markets? Apparently as it is with Nigeria they have gone to sleep until one day they find that there is no market for Nigeria crude. What then will happen? Federal allocation to states will dwindle, salaries will remain unpaid, federal government will borrow and borrow to finance the budget, the deficit will grow wider and the private sector will be crowded out of access to credit.
The scaring thing is that rising U.S. shale oil output has already started re-routing flows of Nigeria and Algerian light, sweet crude oil which used to flow regularly to the United States. U.S. imports of light, sweet crude will fall to virtually zero by 2014, an executive of French Energy Company Total's trading arm predicted in October. This progressive upheaval in crude oil patterns has prompted European refiners to look at changing their slates – lists of suitable crude oil grades for use as feedstock — to adapt.
Traders said that the extra volumes of Canadian crude arriving in Europe have depressed prices for Nigerian grades, which have fallen around $1 since early December. Nigeria federal government functionaries, Governors and legislators who have been feeding fat on the proceeds of crude sales should be ready to drink the crude when it returned unsold.
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From bad to worse: America dumps Nigeria's crude oil
By News Express on 05/06/2014
Nigeria's declining oil revenue appears destined to further nose-dive following the revelation that the United States of America has finally stopped the importation of crude oil from Nigeria due to the discovery of Shale oil and gas in commercial quantity in that country.
Minister of Petroleum Resources, Mrs. Diezani Alison-Madueke, who disclosed this in Abuja yesterday, added that Nigeria has begun a search for alternative markets.
At an interactive enlightenment workshop on the Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB), the Group Executive Director (GED), Corporate Strategy and Planning at the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), Dr. Timothy Okon, on behalf of the minister urged the country to adopt sustainable economic policies following the changes in global economy.
According to her, the prevailing global economic arena demands adaptation of policies.
Her words: "The global economy is changing and Nigeria must adopt a sustainable economic strategy. I know many of you must have heard about the Shale gas and the Shale oil revolution. This has knocked out Nigeria from the export to the USA. So Nigeria must adopt. We must change our ways and policies that we may hold dear which may cause us economic stress in the future. So this market there called the Shale oil and gas has resulted in Nigeria seeking new markets for its oil."
The minister called for competitiveness in the sector, noting that there was the need for new policies to strengthen the industry.
She stressed the importance of natural resources in economic transformation, urging that it was important to diversify the economy.
Alison-Madueke again reiterated her call for the urgent passage of the PIB, saying: "The country expects to attain a vibrant economy due to initiatives such as gas price reform, gas commercialisation, gas infrastructure framework and other policies that are enshrined in the bill."
She explained that the passage of the PIB would herald much job creation by restoring Nigeria's industrial capacity.
The minister hinted that the gains from transformation agenda of the administration had already been demonstrated from the privatisation of the power sector.
She maintained that the country was looking forward to accessing investments in the power sector following its liberalisation.
In his speech, the Chairman, House Committee on Petroleum (Downstream), Dakuku Peterside, said the operators in the sector were expected to stop gas flaring three years after the passage of the bill.
He noted that the bill must stop pollution and emission from gas flaring when it takes effect.
According to him, the bill which has passed the second reading in both chambers of the National Assembly, is delayed partly because the lawmakers insist on doing a thorough job since the sector is critical to the survival of the country.
Peterside urged the labour movement to support the National Assembly to realise the passage of the bill.
Vice President of Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC), Issa Aremu, who chaired the occasion, advised the National Assembly not to wait for the congress to picket it before passing the PIB into law.
He described the PIB as one of the progressive laws that this democracy could give the citizenry.
To Aremu, if the bill becomes a law, it could culminate in the creation of 19 fresh companies from the unbundling of NNPC.
He noted that since the bill provides for local content, different sectors would engage Nigerians from different professional backgrounds.
In his submission, the Chairman, Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI), Mr. Lidum Mitee, recommended that there should be a clear definition of community in the bill before its passage into law.
He also urged the Federal Government to remit fund collected as penalties from gas flaring to the communities that suffer the environmental pollution.
•Adapted from a Guardian report.
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