This has been an exciting exchange through which some of us ignoramuses got a bit of an education.
That was a whacking! "Spare the rod and spoil the child" was the old system in Saro that is before the RUF plunged the country into war and in time even kids as young mortals who in normal times would have been trembling in fear were now toting AK-47s as child soldiers and threatening to pull the trigger on you if you as much as didn't obey their marching orders.
The Saro angle – and the role and etymology of the various grammars of kola nut in the history of the Old Mali Empire etc. should not be a waste of space.
We could do with a lot more of these kind of erudite exchanges , even in little dribs and pieces, a little at a time, just that much that a human's mind has the capacity to digest at just one sitting and straight reading, after which Dr. Mind (or even the honourably Retired Dr. Mind Emeritus sitting in comfort and luxury can say, and say truthfully, I read (Truman Capote?) or I have read "Look Homeward Angel" (not having understood anything) have read this and that, but seldom will you see him waving his PhD dissertation - like Kwame Anthony Appiah), all he is ever waving is just his little or big dick magnum opus , in some cases which nobody gonna read, not even with a magnifying glass, have never read , remain unread – like some of the classics, till all the leaves turn yellow and all the pages crumble into dust , but for the retrieval systems…
And as some of the most educated tell us, after they've told us that we are a bunch of illiterates (for which reason we say it back to them): "the fingers of the left hand are not the same" – and that's - no need to mention the fecund Falola, and that's why on the same hand you have people like Okwui Enwezor
Senor Ikhide was asking a while back why some of the big bloated egos like to write big fat books that ain't nobody in Boko Haram gonna read.
But of absolute relevance, even for the non-reading public and some of the self-confessed ignoramuses among us , what is freely available of Okey Iheduru's work is always of relevance to our diaspora and home issues and instead of wild prophetic gestures and random chaos, he throws much analytical insight( light) and statistical data into the works….
Cornelius
On Saturday, 5 September 2015 12:22:48 UTC+2, Bolaji Aluko wrote:
...Nowamagbe Austin Omoigui (NAO):Thanks for your own intervention below, for injecting a minority angle to this whole Yoruba-Igbo-Hausa kola-nuts affair....:-)I am happy that I did not "exhaust" my earlier brief treatise on the kola-nut - known as "Obi" in Yorubaland, "Oji" in Igboland, and as "Evbe" (or "Eve") among the Edo, as you have just announced below. Otherwise, if I had written anything about "awe", it is not impossible that you would not have intervened as you just have, since you recently inscrutably, but maybe in a burst of cultural frustration, denied Edo cousin-ship of the Yoruba! :-)But when I write about a triumvirate cultural thread of acceptance, forgetfulness and rebellion running eastward from Yoruba-land to Igbo-land through Edo-land, some people get nervous, and even deny it.You see, the Yoruba call the kola-nut itself "obi", but call its lobes (cotyledons) "awe" - which also means "part" or "portion" or "chapter ." or "section" of a fruit, or book, or any multi-part event or object - but most often used for only fruits or nuts. Clearly, it is that "Awe" that the Edo have taken to me "Evbe" and applied it to COMPLETELY to the kola-nut itself. [I would prove that by you telling us what "Evbe" also means other than kola-nut. Because the Hausa (+Fulani) are also acceptably called Gambari, the names "Evbegabari or Eve-Igabari need no further explanation for the two-lobed kolanut common in Hausa-land, that the Edo call Igbanja, which the Yoruba, name "obi gbanja" ]So here is what must have happened, I strongly believe. In Yoruba-land, we say "awe obi" for the lobe of a kola-nut. Getting to Edo-land, the "obi" portion is forgotten, and the whole nut is kuku all called "awe", but rendered as "Evbe" or "Eve." On getting to Igboland, the "awe" is forgotten, and only the "obi" is remembered, but rendered as "oji".Voila! As we say in Yoruba, "omi eko, eko ni" (the Water from pap is still pap.")In fact, so pervasive is the kola-nut from North to West to East of Nigeria, that it moved one Nwachukwu to wax eloquent that (apart from football, soccer), it is the unifying force in Nigeria:QUOTE"Kola nut: Nigeria's seed of togethernesson May 04, 2012 / in Special ReportBy McPhilips NwachukwuTHERE is something that is used in identifying every country of the world. This identification mark is, however, more possible with countries that are homogenous in composition. But on the contrary, in heterogeneous countries like Nigeria, it is very difficult to lay claims to such items of referencing or something of a commonality with which to say, yes, here comes, Nigeria.Nature, however, has a way of taking care of its own contradictions, and this is what happens in Nigeria. Defying such logic of impossibility, this country of about a hundred and forty million people with over 250 ethnic groups has demonstrated to the world that there is a possibility in impossibility.This beautiful country is blessed with diverse people, whose culture is as diverse as their climatic and weather conditions. It has successfully disproved the hypothesis by being united through one generous gift of nature.Simple seed nutWhat is this gift one may ask? It is a simple seed nut, grown in the western and central parts of Africa. It is the kola nut seed. Yes, the same kola nut popularly known by such botanical names like kola acuminate or atrophora, kola alba and kola nitida.It is of course, this same kola nut that has given this country, called Nigeria, a unifying image. Journeying from the eastern part of the country through the north to the southern and western parts, one unforgettable experience that the visitor takes away with him is the tradition of kola nut presentation.Kola nut is so important in the social, religious and cultural life of the people that it is said that at some point during pre-independence Nigeria, when the nation's founding fathers looked for a common symbol acceptable to all Nigerians that would serve as a national icon on the country's coat of arms, the consensus was kola nut.Grown and harvested abundantly in the western part of the country, the seed of kola nut, which is celebrated in a mythical manner by the Igbo of the South-East, is almost eaten like food in the North. The way and manner that kola nut is seen and appreciated by Nigerians makes it something bigger than the mere red and yellow seed nuts hawked around in trays by Hausa traders in small kiosks in the village markets and major cities or that large quantity of agricultural crops grown, harvested and stored in large hand-woven baskets by Yoruba farmers.In Igbo land, like in any other part of Nigeria, kola nut is bigger than all of these. In some places, it is food eaten with relish and celebrated with deserving feast. Like yam, king of crops, it commands adoration and enjoys many acolytes. Emotional and cultural attachment to kola nut in Nigeria makes it religiously infectious. Adherents of the culture of kola nut, which without exaggeration involves everybody of different religious beliefs, gender and caste, find in the kola nut lobes a cultural vehicle that coveys the people's world view.Kola nut is so important in the life of Nigerians to the extent that poetry of kola nut breaks the day for typical homes on ocycasions of birth, marriage, death or settlement of dispute. It is, therefore, not unusual to hear alongside Christian families who conduct their morning prayers, the voices of their traditional neighbours, who welcome the birth of a new day with kola nut invocation:For Timothy Nnubia, an 80-year-old Igbo man: "Kola nut is our own prayer book. We wake up to pray with kola nut and use it to invoke the spirit of our ancestors. We also use it to appeal to the God of Heaven to guide us in our daily activities. After our petitions, we break it and eat, and if there is palm wine or gin, we drink to wash it down. In a sense, the act of kola nut breaking is like the act of Catholic communion.".........For instance, in Igbo land, one is not allowed to break kola nut in one's maternal home. Also, women are not allowed to bless and break kola nut. On the contrary, some Ifa women in Yoruba land are said to have the power to break kola nut and also have the power and qualification to interpret the lobes according to the mystical rules of Ifa divination. The Hausas do not have any particular ritualistic attachment to kola nut.A joke has it that an Igbo man brought out kola nut in the presence of his Hausa friend. And following the Igbo ritual round of passing the kola nut from hand to hand, when it got to the hand of the Hausa man having gone round the guests, he said: "Gentlemen, my friend has given to that man, he rejected it, he gave to the other man, and he rejected it. It has come to me, I will eat all of it."- See more at: http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/05/kola-nut-nigerias- seed-of-togetherness/#sthash. AGcLf6LX.dpuf UNQUOTEAnd he proceeded to....Moving on.....Honestly, why I stay in Nigerian cyberspace, despite a busy schedule and the presence of some madmen and specialist caterwaulers and hecklers - they know themselves, but I could name them if they insist - is the immeasurable education about our Nigerian and African peoples that one gets for free. There is more that unites Nigeria than divides it, and it is thieving politicians and their factotums - not all politicians by the way, but a fraction of them - that knock heads against each other so as to divide spoils among themselves and leave us others with crumbs.And there you have it. I am done on this kola-nuts tour de force.Bolaji AlukoOn Sat, Sep 5, 2015 at 8:07 AM, 'Nowa Omoigui' via AfricanWorldForum <africanworldforum@googlegroups.com >wrote: Prof
The Edo name for common Kola nut is "Evbe" (Cola acuminate, C. verticillate, from Stapf.Maleae (Sterculiaceae) - Kolanut tree - a well known stimulant, used for various ceremonies
This differs from Hausa Kolanuts (aka Evbegabari, Igbanja, Eve-Igabari) or Cola nitida
(Vent Malvaceae (Sterculiaceae) from the Hausa cola tree (also used but only when specified in ceremony)
We also have Evboha (Bush Kolanut) Cola heterophylla Malvaceae (Sterculiaceae) = wild cola, bush kola tree and Evbohobitan (Cola caricifolia (= Cola caricaefolia Malvaceae (Sterculiaceae) AKA monkey cola, wild cola tree - (for specific ceremonies)
These are various botanical species of the Kolanut (with various features, including the number of lobes) known to Edo civilization according to available records
It is nice for Nigerians (of ALL stripes)to understand how various nationalities describe botanical species
Signing off
NAO
--------------------------------------------- Bolaji Aluko wrote..... On the Matter of Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa Kola-NutsKen Asagwara:First, let us move on about bowing and kneeling and shaking hands, etcheram, ad nauseum. It has been firmly established that Igbo people, whether conditionally or unconditionally, whether Ndi-ala or efulefu, whether of the Onitsha variety or of the Abagana variety, whether foreign-born or never left Ohaozara, bow, kneel and shake hands on occasion.So let us leave that matter.....Ken and Obi Nwakama:As to kola-nut, Yoruba call it "Obi", the Igbo substitute "j" (which incidentally comes in later in the alphabet, in a manner of language substitution or forgetting) for the "b" to call it "Oji", and the Hausa call it "gworo." Note that by deliberateness or serendipity, variants of "Obi" is "heart" or title of kingship in Igbo language/culture, hence it is not surprising that the Igbo say that "Oji bu eze" ("the Kolanut is king"...of seeds, that is.)So that Obi Nwakama has not heard of "Oji Yoruba" is because that would be superfluous and tautological....every time the Igbo say "Oji", their DNA shout "Obi" - so why repeat yourselves? If the tree grows in Igboland, it was certainly not indigenous: the seed was taken from Yorubaland, where all varieties grow more prolifically, cotyledons and all...Moving on...As an aside, the concept of "eze"ship is so rife in Igbo-land, that the concept of "Igbo enwe eze" (the Igbo know no king" ) is absurd, and is better expressed in the rebellious form "Eze bu eze be ya" - every one, a king in his own house - leading to the rather high-falutin statement of the host that is offering cola-nut having to say "Oji eze di eze n'aka" - the kola-nut is in the king's hands - and asking women in the house to back off for a few seconds "Umunwanyi, oji abiara o!". And kola-nut knowing only the Igbo language is a phantasmagoric rendition of the notion that the the gods of the particular family offering the kola-nut are the only ones that know the family secrets.Moving on....Growing up, I was aware that Obi trees ("igi obi"), which the Igbo call "osisi oji" (notice the substitution again) grew prolifically in Yorubaland, and that there were kola-nuts with two lobes or cotyledons ("obi gbanja"; cola nitida in biological terms, which the Igbo perjoratively call "oji efulefu (or ifilifi) and "oji Hausa", and would rather not offer in ritual), or "obi abata" with more than two cotyledons (three, four, five (Oji ikenga), even sometimes seven; cola acuminata), which the Igbo admiringly and collectively call "oji Igbo"! :-). So when Obi Nwakanma says that the four-lobed kola-nut does not grow anywhere else outside of Igbo-land, that is not true. Rather, it is a bow to the fact that in Yorubaland, only the four-lobed one (or on occasion, greater than four) is used for Ifa divination of finding out options of outcomes! :-)Moving on....The widespread growth of Igi Obi in Yorubaland as well as the possibility of two, three, many cotyledons is not only of options but also an indication of fertility, makes the kola-nut one of several objects offered during a marriage-bethrothal ("idana") or child-naming ceremony:QUOTE*This is honey ("oyin"); the quality of honey is sweetness. May your married life be sweet, that is, happy by being blessed with many children and money to take care of them.*This is salt ("iyo'). It preserves and sweetens, may you be preserved in your lives so that you live long and see your children's children.*This is palm oil ("epo pupa"). It reduces the harsh taste of pepper in the soup. May the harsh impact of difficult times be ameliorated;*This is kola nut ("obi"). It produces prolifically. May your wife be as fertile as the kola nut tree and be blessed with many children who survive and do great things in life;*This is bitter kola ("orogbo"). It means that you will live long and see your children achieve great things in your lifetime;*This is a pen ("ohun ikowe"):. We use it to write. Education is the means to greatness. May you learn to read and write and become famous through achievement in education;*This is the Bible/Koran ("iwe mimo"). It is the holy book of power. May your faith provide direction to you in life;*This is candle ("abela"). It lights the way. May the word of God provide the light that will guide you through life;*This is money ("owo"). Money is needed for fulfillment and enjoyment of life. May you be blessed with plenty of it in your lifetimeUNQUOTEIn conclusion, this has been another useful comparative culture exercise, and I thank you both. Up Nigeria!And there you have it.Bolaji AlukoObi Nwakanma wrote:----------Dr. Aluko:I have heard about "Oji Igbo" and "Oji Hausa" (Gworo), but I have never heard "Oji Yoruba." Let me again instruct you on the Igbo, so that you'd at least learn genuinely who they are: every man worth his salt has an "Osisi Oji" by his back yard, or in the domestic family lot. Igbo land falls within the tropical rain forest belt, and the Kolanut is indigenous to it. Ask any botanist, at least. There is a specific kind of kolanut which is highly valued in Igbo land: it is the "Oji Igbo" - and it is that which all men of title must keep in their reserve, just in case, the woman of the house, from whom the Kola is actually taken, does not have any in her "uko" - the traditional pantry. It is absolutely false that that the kola is not grown in Igbo land. In fact the special kola - the four lobbed Kolanut - does not grow anywhere else.Meanwhile, you may not understand the Igbo "fascination" with Oji. Only the Diala understands. Again, all children born to true Igbo families observe the ritual of the Kola, to learn how to present it, and how to break it, and how, eventually, to bless and offer prayers with it for the collective good. But essentially there is meaning attached to that ritual, and as an Igbo, I shall tell you, only if you bring with you, as gift to me, a fine bottle of cognac:-) Anaghi Agba Aka awhu Nwata Eze!Obi NwakanmaOn Fri, Sep 4, 2015 at 11:48 PM, Asagwara, Ken (EAL) <Ken.As...@gov.mb.ca>wrote: Bolaji Aluko & Dipo Eniola, Etc:
It's amazing how you some of you fellow Nigerian Yorubas live your culture; at the same time, you believe you can define for us, the Igbo how to live our own culture or what that culture should embrace. You guys must be out of your freaking minds.
Eggplant, peanut butter, and the kola nut among many other fruits and vegetables are all native to Igbo land, culture and heritage. While kola nut has a particular variant peculiar to Igbo land known as Oji-Igbo, the Hausa and Yoruba variant known as Gworo is also grown in Igbo land. Both the Igbo variety Oji-Igbo and the Gworo specie are used for traditional and cultural events; such as, marriages, visitations, New Yam Festivals, naming ceremonies, initiation ceremonies, burials, etc. There are some particular Igbo traditional and cultural events during which, only the Igbo kola nut variety, Oji-Igbo must be used. It is in such particular occasions that the Igbo in making oblations invoke the saying that the Kola Nut speaks not nor understands any other language than Igbo language. This is because acts of oblation and incantation recitals involved during such occasions are expressed in Igbo language. The Gworo variety of kola nut is fit for every occasion when needed. Other than being called Gworo, it is calledOji-Hausa as in Hausa kola nut.
About Igbo New Yam Festival, I will not even bother responding to Dipo Eniola the fraudulent claimer of Igbo traditional chieftaincy title for he knows not what he is talking about. Were he indeed an honored outsider holding an Igbo chieftaincy title, he will not have mouth the rubbish, "Even, the Yam festival which is very popular in Ndiibgo is borrowed". Borrowed my arse!
On bowing or not bowing; no Nwafor Igbo bows to or prostrates before any other being. We, Igbo bow and or kneel down in prayers to God or when invoking the names of the ancestors, if you are a traditional worshiper. Growing up, you are taught to greet your parents, elders and other adults first thing in the morning when you wake up from sleep. You continue that ritual throughout the day as you come in contact with the parents of the various other children in the community as well as, other elders. The socio-cultural offence is seeing an elder and passing him or her without formally greeting them, whether they are known to you or not. It is cultural etiquette that you must greet your parents and other elders as many times as you come in contact with them in a day. The greeting is usually in the local Igbo language dialect you were raised. With the passage of time, children these days do say, depending on what time of the day it is, Good Morning Mama/Papa/Dad/Mom, Dede/De/Dada/Da (for elders); Good Afternoon and Good Evening, etc. No Igbo parents or elders ever rebuke a child or younger person(s) for not bowing to him/her or prostrating before them. You will surely be rebuked if for whatever the reason may be, you forgot or failed to greet in an absolute manner of respect your parents or other elders in the family and larger community. I never bowed nor prostrated to or before any of my parents or any other elders growing up and till now. And they never expected nor demanded such because they did not raise me to bow or prostrate for no one.
Growing up, I never initiated to shake my father's or any elder's hand. It is not allowed in my Igbo culture. But hugs upon hugs, I received. If your father or an elder puts out his hand to you to shake, you clasp his hand with your two hands in firm handshake. He is acknowledging your adulthood. I still remember the first time as a teenager my father stretched out his hand to me to shake. It was to say to me, you are becoming a man, my son and it felt so good.
Now; these days, it is not uncommon to behold some Igbo children born and raised outside Igbo land bow or bend their knee when greeting parents and other elders. Also, since the new era of multiplicity of Autonomous Communities and Investiture of modern day Ezes in Igbo land, there are some of the Ezes that expect being bowed to or remove your cap momentarily when greeting them. One more time, no Igbo bows down or prostrates to or before or for any other fellow human being. But it is not out of place to bow low, not down, to one's elders or authority figures who are above your age bracket.
Also, these days, in traditional marriage ceremonies, the bride when giving the cup of wine to her would be husband showing that she has accepted his hands in marriage, do kneel down on one leg though some girls may enthusiastically kneel on both legs. Folks, let us remember that the only constant in life is change. With time, cultures innovate; what used to be is abandoned and what is not becomes.
Cheers.
Mazi KC Prince Asagwara
From: africanw...@
googlegroups.com [mailto:africanworldforum@googlegroups.com ]On Behalf Of Mobolaji Aluko
Sent: September-04-15 4:16 PM
To: africanw...@googlegroups.com
Cc: adeda...@gmail.com; Vincentotuonye@msn.com ; nigerianworldforum@yahoogroups.com ;imperial_ltd@yahoo.com ; develop-nigeria@googlegroups.com ; okonkwonetworks@googlegroups.com ;ayoojutalayo@yahoo.com ; odidere2001@yahoo.com ; rexmarinus1966@yahoo.com ; badu...@aol.com;omoodua@yahoogroups.com ; nebukadineze@aol.com ; naijaintellects@googlegroups.com ;wharf...@yahoo.com ; vin_mo...@yahoo.com ; adung...@yahoo.com; stdawodu@gmail.com ;nationalvision@yahoo.com ; ijeb...@yahoo.co.uk ; abraha...@yahoo.com;topc...@yahoo.com;yemifash6 4@gmail.com ; femmy...@yahoo.com ; therea...@yahoo.com ; ekuju...@yahoo.com;peterclaver2000@yahoo.com ; ejanafish@yahoo.com ; Asagwara, Ken (EAL); ogbuo...@yahoo.com;aim.ssanyi@gmail.com ; nigerianid@yahoogroups.com ; ozodi...@gmail.com
Subject: Re: [africanworldforum] RE: Bolaji: Zik bows as respect to Ooni Adesoji Aderemi
Dipo:
I have never understood the traditional fascination with the eggplant, peanut butter, and the kolanut - the last item completely foreign to growth in Ala Igbo - and the hackneyed fantastical claim to kolanut's understanding ONLY the Igbo language, until you just pointed out the understandable linguistic displacement of Yoruba with the Igbo language with respect to kolanut.
It is one more proof of our deep sibling relationship, and in this case cultural displacement phantasmagoria.
And there you have it.
Bolaji Aluko
On Friday, September 4, 2015, 'DIPO ENIOLA' via AfricanWorldForum <africanw...@googlegroups.com > wrote:
> Most of Igbo culture is borrowed. Even, the Yam festival which is very popular in Ndiibgo is borrowed. The ceremonies surrounding kola nut is borrowed from the
> Great Yoruba people. Kola nut is grown in Yoruba land, the land of Milk and honey. Now, Igbo people when in their gatherings are apt to say the only language kola nut understands is the dying Igbo language.
> That is bull.
> The Oha 1
> Ahu Nze, Ebie Okwu
> Sent from Yahoo Mail for iPad
>
> On Sep 4, 2015, 3:14:25 PM, Gregg Ukaegbu wrote:
>
> I doubt if Africans had a tradition of shaking hands until the white man came. But I am aware they hug each other as a sign of brotherhood (Wale Adebayo).
>
> Handshake, like laughter, is something everybody, everywhere, does the same way. It is not an exclusive preserve of the whiteman, it is innate in all humans.
>
> Way back when, way before paper, handshake was a contract. Some cultures took it further for serious stuff like "no more war between us" "support me in beating up that yellow-haired chief over there….." stuff like that. For agreements that serious to be sealed with a handshake, both parties made razor-thin cuts in the palm of their right hands, and as soon as blood starts coming out, they shake hands, and mix blood and that's forever. The Mafia still uses that method seal agreements that can't be violated.
>
> No left hand handshakes. It is an insult, although Americans like to turn things upside down. They "even shake hands" their elbows and do "terrorists-fist-bumps". Those ain't no handshakes.
>
> In different cultures in Nigeria, girls do a serious type of handshake contracts with guys they love, especially those who were going overseas. The call it "drinking blood" but what it actually is a bloody handshake. It could be pin-prick or razor cut, but the intent is same. It is predicated on "blood is powerful" and it is, — da life force.
>
> So when 2 people mix up blood as a form of solemn agreement, it should be joked with. It is a type of "Forget-Me-Not" and the first one to violate it, goes crazy. Now you know why there are so many crazy Nigerians abroad. Though I sprinkled some joke in there, call any elderly Nigerian you know and ask them what happens when people violate the type of agreement I just described.
>
> *ezekwe*
>
> From: Wale Adedayo [mailto:adeda...@gmail.com]
> Sent: Friday, September 4, 2015 12:32 PM
> To: Vin Otuonye
> Cc: africanworld ; NIgerianW...@yahoogroups.com ; imperi...@yahoo.com ; develop...@googlegroups.com ; okonkwonetworks@googlegroups.com ; ayoojutalayo@yahoo.com ;odide...@yahoo.com ; rexmari...@yahoo.com ; badu...@aol.com;omoodua@yahoogroups.com ; nebukadineze@aol.com ; naijaintellects@googlegroups.com ;wharf...@yahoo.com ; vin_mo...@yahoo.com ; adung...@yahoo.com; stdawodu@gmail.com ;nationalvision@yahoo.com ; ijeb...@yahoo.co.uk ; abraha...@yahoo.com;topc...@yahoo.com;yemifash6 4@gmail.com ; femmy...@yahoo.com ; therea...@yahoo.com ; ekuju...@yahoo.com;peterclaver2000@yahoo.com ; ejanafish@yahoo.com ; guka...@comcast.net ; ken.as...@gov.mb.ca ;ogbuo...@yahoo.com; aim.ssanyi@gmail.com ; nigerianid@yahoogroups.com ; ozodi...@gmail.com
> Subject: Re: Bolaji: Zik bows as respect to Ooni Adesoji Aderemi
>
> "No Igbo child is taught to "bow" to an elder - whether he "commands respect, has clout, dignity, honor" - or not. In any case, in Igbo land, an "oke-mmadu" is an an "oke-mmadu" and title and achievement only enhances that; it does not diminish the status. Igbo children are taught to shake hands." - Obi Nwakanma
>
> This statement caught my attention. And want to learn. I doubt if Africans had a tradition of shaking hands until the white man came. But I am aware they hug each other as a sign of brotherhood. How come greetings in Igboland involve shaking of hands, which we seem to have copied from the white man?
>
> Wale Adedayo
>
> Publisher, Uhuru Times (http://www.uhurutimes.com)
>
> Alternate email: wale.a...@uhurutimes.com
>
> Tel: 08133878568
>
> bb pin: 2ABB2682
>
> Skype: wale.adedayo
>
> Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/wale.adedayo
>
> Twitter: @waleadedayo
>
> On 4 September 2015 at 15:18, Vin Otuonye <Vincent...@msn.com> wrote:
>
> Obi:
>
> Oke Osisi is one of those Umu Amuru Nu'ozo Ije. However, one thing I detest about Oke Osisi and his likes is when they speak with some air of authority. Oke Osisi speaks as if he knows what he's talking about. Like you I am born outside Igbo land. I most likely would have done what you did at that age.
>
> Vin Cool Breeze Otuonye
>
> Sent from my T-Mobile 4G LTE Device
>
> -------- Original message --------
> From: Rex Marinus <rexma...@hotmail.com>
> Date:09/04/2015 9:22 AM (GMT-05:00)
> To: "NIgerianW...@yahoogroups.com " <
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