When it comes to teams Atlantic slave trade it was specificallyvdesigbed for western institutions to benefit from it. It was legalised for this purpose western institutions lije Science and western philosophers like Locke directly benefited.
It was designed in its massive scale and locus in the Americas to frogleap the West into the industrial revolution. That was why when non circumspect western commentators asked Africa to state there contributions to modern science and invention the Marxists got it right that Africa's contribution is locked in the industrial machinery.
Every modernisation of any scientific machinery ipso facto contained the return on investment of African Labour in geometric multipke proportions since nothing can come out of nothing as the legal phrase goes. The African human capital is the undefined quantum mathematically that fuels the astronomical returns on capital that fuels capitalist growth down the ages since the trans Atlantic Slave trade wimchich no reification in the Marxian sense ( obliteration of origins) can elude.
This why ALL global sciences and scientific advances in a real economic sense (and not mere metaphoric sense belongs to Africa the irreducible ( human) economic factor that made them possible in that calculated gambit called the trans Atlantic Slave trade. Products of science for this reason should be made available to African countries ( unlike say India & China which were not specifically targeted as locus of that economic leap that frog- leaped the United Kingdom its European competitors and the rest of the world into the Industrial Age.) free of charge or else they would be paying twice for the same products or updated models.
The European Union got this basic fact wrong in fashioning an economic union that excludes Africa from its activities and that is why it is destined to fail as the UK quickly realized even though it is India championing the position Africa should provide leadership for because of its ((India's )numerical advantage over Africa; numerical advantage provided by non other than the demographic depletion of Africa by the trans Atlantic Slave trade which makes Africa's case doubly urgent..
OAA
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emeagwali@ccsu.edu>
Date: 08/04/2019 16:21 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to theSlave Trade"
Ken,
The problem with this argument is that it may be used to trivialize the enormous crime that took place in the case of enslavement in the Americas.This may lead to a kind of denialism.
Chido, to the Nazi regime the holocaust was very legal but we know that it was a criminal violation of human rights, and mass murder.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
History Department, Central Connecticut State University
www.africahistory.net
web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/archive.html
Chief Editor- "Africa Update"
www.vimeo.com/gloriaemeagwali
Gloria Emeagwali's Documentaries
2014 Distinguished Research Excellence Award in African Studies
University of Texas at Austin
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
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The problem with this argument is that it may be used to trivialize the enormous crime that took place in the case of enslavement in the Americas.This may lead to a kind of denialism.
Chido, to the Nazi regime the holocaust was very legal but we know that it was a criminal violation of human rights, and mass murder.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
History Department, Central Connecticut State University
www.africahistory.net
web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/archive.html
Chief Editor- "Africa Update"
www.vimeo.com/gloriaemeagwali
Gloria Emeagwali's Documentaries
2014 Distinguished Research Excellence Award in African Studies
University of Texas at Austin
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Harrow, Kenneth <harrow@msu.edu>
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 6:04:05 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 6:04:05 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
the brits outlawed slavery itself in 1833 or 1834. but if you broaden the concept of slavery for a moment, and consider the lives of peasants displaced by the enclosure acts, forced to migrate to the cities where they lived in worse conditions than in the middle ages, and went to work at institutions like factories, lived in misery and disease and died young, their lives without choice were a replacement for slavery, or were, in reality, enslavement. the reforms of the 1830s might have saved capitalism, but really it saved the ownership of enterprises for the rich and powerful.
the story of capitalism since its beginnings in the 19th century is a variant of this, with conditions going up and down, but the top 1% or 10% living radically better than the working class not to mention the lumpenproletariat.
slavery was always relative in history, and my favorite example of this is the word for slave in ancient biblical terxts, "abd", which is the same as that for servant. ditto in arabic.
and indentured servants in the u.s. or africa in the 17th century were just slaves for fixed terms.
i supposed fixed term faculty feel like that nowadays, and with good reason.
ken
kenneth harrow
professor emeritus
dept of english
michigan state university
517 803-8839
harrow@msu.edu
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Emeagwali, Gloria (History) <emeagwali@ccsu.edu>
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 4:07:59 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 4:07:59 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
The Brits outlawed it in 1807. I guess that was 400 years late, if we date the first documented
evidence of human trafficking in its Euro-African context, to 1441 with the Portuguese
Antao Goncalves.
Agreed. Max Weber got it wrong - and Marx got it right, in his Communist Manifesto.
I suspect that many started to hate Marx from the moment he talked about "primitive accumulation"
and the "turning of Africa into a commercial warren for the hunting of black skins."
Some never forgave him for that statement.
Williams, Rodney and also Inikori (and Braudel) helped us to put names, places and data to it all.
We are now on to the European and American universities and museums that benefitted
and the scientific disciplines and institutions that thrived from it.
GE
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
History Department, Central Connecticut State University
www.africahistory.net
History Department, Central Connecticut State University
www.africahistory.net
Chief Editor- "Africa Update"
www.vimeo.com/gloriaemeagwaliGloria Emeagwali's Documentaries
2014 Distinguished Research Excellence Award in African Studies
University of Texas at Austin
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
From: 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 3:31 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
Sent: Sunday, April 7, 2019 3:31 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Article: "Science's Debt to the Slave Trade"
Slave trade was actually outlawed by many states in the US from the 17th Century onwards out of fear that the trafficking of more Africans would lead to more insurrections long before the abolition by Britain. W.E.B. Du Bois argued in his doctoral dissertation that the African Slave Trade was suppressed by law in America from the start and so it could not have been as legal as historians want us to believe. Gloria is right that it was not a trade. Walter Rodney called it kidnapping, warfare, deceit and he demonstrated how science and technology developed in Europe based on the huge profits from trafficking Africans. Eric Williams argued the same thesis in his doctoral dissertation, Capitalism and Slavery. In ignorance, Max Weber argued that it was The Protestant Ethic that produced the Spirit of Capitalism. No be so.
Biko
On Sunday, 7 April 2019, 14:07:04 GMT-4, Chidi Anthony Opara, FIIM <chidi.opara@gmail.com> wrote:
Gloria,
Was "the despicable slave trade" illegal at the time of its practice?
CAO.
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Was "the despicable slave trade" illegal at the time of its practice?
CAO.
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