Toyin,
Why, "Emeagwali"? So terse. You could rue the day...
Why not Gloria, Sista Gloria, Professor Emeagwali, or better still, Gloria in Excelsis Emeagwali?
Think: Glorious booty! (I know it's always on your mind, when not far off or near, like that Cameroonian Sista crossing the road. You shouldn't burn your bridges. Think: there could be a rainy day.
The existence of Amotekun (as a lethal fighting force?) is guaranteed to ward off evil. There should be no "Fulani Herdsmen" incidents. But what about the bandits who are ravaging the countryside, and who are neither Fulani, nor herdsmen?
My real fear now is this dangerous scenario: Should some mischievous, good-for-nothing bandits disguised as "Amotekun" gun down some innocent Fulani Herdsmen that could spark off a running battle between retaliatory Herdsmen and the real Amotekun. Could cause some real bad blood between the people of the South West ethnicity and the Fulani
EditedEmeagwali,Since you are too busy publishing papers in academic journals to make significant contributions to the efforts represented by others on USA-Africa exerting their precious time and energy trying to find solutions to problems of life and death bedeviling Nigerians, dont you think you should keep your peace while others who consider the effort worth their time go about it?I used to think academic journals do not operate outside the social contexts of the very issues being discussed on sites like USAAfrica.I wrote an essay, though a brief one, not a one liner or brief throw away sentences as you usually do.I referenced four layers of demography, in my first and subsequent responses, although I needed to use them in a more specific manner-regional, ideological, ethnic and religious.I described a right wing ethno-religious Islamic mindset as dominant in the Muslim North and right wing Fulani supremacists as at the centre of this demographic.
This is about mindset, not ethnicity primarily or even completely about religion. It depicts a mindset shaped by religion, ethnicity and region, but which does not have to be configured by all three factors at once.Jibrin might not be Fulani or Muslim, but how different is his style of thinking from that exemplified by right wing Northern Muslims, core to whom are Fulani supremacists?Most people from the Muslim North, who may or may not be Muslims, and who will not explicitly champion the massacres by Fulani militia or support the declarations of justifications of those massacres by Miyetti Allah, are unified by a conspiracy of acquiescence in never referencing the one sided scale of casualties, high level of militarization and national geographical penetration of Fulani herdsmen terrorism, describing the situation in the distorting euphemism of 'herdsmen farmer clashes' , 'more complex than is described by the media' as Jibrin does.These people are unified in never acknowledging the absolute horror, the absolute brutality to the national psyche, represented by Miyetti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation, an organisation composed of Nigeria's most eminent Fulani, operating in effect as a terrorist coordinator, justifying massacres of Nigerians by Fulani herdsmen militia. Again and again.On the scourge of the right wing Fulani ethno/religious supremacists in Nigeria, Islam also exists in SW Nigeria. It is not dominated in that regions by right wing ethno/religious thinking. That region is not at the centre of conquest by a Fulani jihad centred in right wing Islam and the dominance of a Fulani ruling elite. Centre as different from what may be understood as the peripheral cultural and physical geography of the SW in the Fulani jihad enterprise.Demonstrating this cultural non-centrality, SW Islam is modulated by a range of influences that make impossible the recurrent massacres of non-Muslims and recurrent emergence of murderous Islamic terrorist groups such as Maitasine and Boko Haram, as defines the Muslim North.It is not possible to find in the SW politicians like Atiku Abubakar threatening Nigeria with violent change bcs he, as a Northern Muslim, was not made PDP 2011 Presidential candidate. You wont find anyone threatening the equivalent of 'the dog and the baboon will be covered in blood' if he loses the Presidential election as Buhari threatened in 2015.You will not find the equivalent of a Miyetti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation,composed of Nigeria's most eminent Fulani, that justifies massacres by Fulani herdsmen. In the midst of which while other Fulani maintain silence or blame the victims.That would be unimaginable for Afenifere, a prominent Yoruba cultural and political group.The SW OPC will never venture into other states, massacring people as the Fulani herdsmen militia have done across Nigeria.Understand the present in terms of history.Can you begin to see the depth of our problem, why I argue that I doubt if progress is possible within such incompatibilities?If you are ready to provide an analytical justification of your views, as I do with mine, I am ready to engage you with the same seriousness as you bring to the table.toyin--On Sun, 26 Jan 2020 at 16:08, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin.adepoju@gmail.com> wrote:Emeagwali,Since you are too busy publishing papers in academic journals to make significant contributions to the efforts represented by others on USA-Africa exerting their precious time and energy trying to find solutions to problems of life and death bedeviling Nigerians, dont you think you should keep your peace while others who consider the effort worth their time go about it?I used to think academic journals do not operate outside the social contexts of the very issues being discussed on sites like USAAfrica.I wrote an essay, though a brief one, not a one liner or brief throw away sentences as you usually do.If you had read the essay you would have observed that I referenced three layers of demography-ideological, ethnic and religious.I described a right wing ethno-religious Islamic mindset as dominant in the Muslim North and right wing Fulani supremacists as at the centre of this demographic.
This is about mindset, not ethnicity primarily or even completely about religion. It depicts a mindset shaped by religion, ethnicity and region, but which does not have to be configured by all three factors at once.On the scourge of the right wing Fulani ethno/religious supremacists in Nigeria, Islam also exists in SW Nigeria. It is not dominated in that regions by right wing ethno/religious thinking. That region is not at the centre of conquest by a Fulani jihad centred in right wing Islam and the dominance of a Fulani ruling elite. Centre as different from what may be understood as the peripheral cultural and physical geography of the SW in the Fulani jihad enterprise.Demonstrating this cultural non-centrality, SW Islam is modulated by a range of influences that make impossible the recurrent massacres of non-Muslims and recurrent emergence of murderous Islamic terrorist groups such as Maitasine and Boko Haram, as defines the Muslim North.It is not possible to find in the SW politicians like Atiku Abubakar threatening Nigeria with violent change bcs he, as a Northern Muslim, was not made PDP 2011 Presidential candidate. You wont find anyone threatening the equivalent of 'the dog and the baboon will be covered in blood' if he loses the Presidential election as Buhari threatened in 2015.You will not find the equivalent of a Miyetti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation,composed of Nigeria's most eminent Fulani, that justifies massacres by Fulani herdsmen. In the midst of which while other Fulani maintain silence or blame the victims.That would be unimaginable for Afenifere, a prominent Yoruba cultural and political group.The SW OPC will never venture into other states, massacring people as the Fulani herdsmen militia have done across Nigeria.Understand the present in terms of history.Can you begin to see the depth of our problem, why I argue that I doubt if progress is possible within such incompatibilities?If you are ready to provide an analytical justification of your views, as I do with mine, I am ready to engage you with the same seriousness as you bring to the table.toyinOn Sun, 26 Jan 2020 at 10:32, Emeagwali, Gloria (History) <emeagwali@ccsu.edu> wrote:Adepoju,--
You are complaining about my one liners. So you can't get enough of it. Like Oliver Twist you want more. Sorry.
Unfortunately I publish papers in
Academic Journals not USA Dialogue Series.
BTW I was reacting to one of your
one- liners that claimed to know the ideological, religious and ethnic profile
of my former colleague Jibo. I advised you to be cautious in your assertions. Jibo is not Fulani, your favorite punching bag - nor is he a Muslim or a religious fanatic. Take note.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Prof. of History/African Studies, CCSU
africahistory.net; vimeo.com/ gloriaemeagwali
Recipient of the 2014 Distinguished Research
Excellence Award, Univ. of Texas at Austin;
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Gloria Emeagwali <gloria.emeagwali@gmail.com>
Sent: Saturday, January 25, 2020 9:13:04 AM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Our Fear, Their InactionPlease be cautious: **External Email**
"....Knowing the ideological /ethnic/religious provenance of the writer........."Adepoju
Unfortunately, you have jumped to stereotypical conclusions about the messenger, without any factual foundations for each category that you have listed.
Exercise caution and restraint about personal identities and concentrate on the message.
GE--
Sent from my iPhone
On Jan 25, 2020, at 2:21 AM, 'Ayotunde Bewaji' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
The foundation of Capitalism was the dispossession of peasant lands in Europe - enforced by bogus Economic theories and Common Law. The foundation of Zionism is the promised land syndrome, whereby Jews are entitled to the possession of their siblings' lands at the behest of their ethnic blood sucking deity. The foundation of Pragmatism is the dispossession of Amerindian lands by vagrant Europeans in the "New World" - John Wayne even was appealing to our youth. The foundation of Modern Australia and New Zealand is the total destruction of Aborigines. The foundation of Modern Latin America is the wiping out of the original inhabitants of South America and whitening of Colombia, Argentina, Mexico, etc, not to even mention the ongoing travails of majority colored population of Brazil. The foundation of Fulanization of Southern Nigeria would be on the rights of Herders to bring their "assets" (Cornelius) to ravage my assets in their passing through from Sokoto to Lagos to make their money. Alagba Cornelius, Sir, and Oloye Jaburata Ojogbon TF, "Who is Afraid of Elesin Oba"? Is someone angling for a reward from Miyetti Devil Government?
Ojogbon Jibrin Ibrahim brown-washed evil and people are croaking well-done. How can itinerant herding even be justified in contemporary society by any one with any green matter between their ears? Why do we privilege access to the lucre of power over truth? Why doesn't our famous Jibo say something about bringing the North into "Modernity" (Taiwo), not with all its evils, but managed to reflect African values of humanity? Does anyone notice that the temperature in some parts of Nigeria has moved from 10 C to 40 C over this Christmas? Do we have any brains to harness the Sun Resource/Source? Aren't we waiting for the white man to perfect the energy for us to use? Even what we refine locally, we mess it up so that we can pay subsidies to touts, thieves and rogues! Why are we wasting so much energies being gladiators fighting for primitives from other climes to rule our lives? When you look to the Arabia Desert, what good ever emanated from there except pain, destruction and human destruction? Why do we want all children in Nigeria now to be panhandlers before they can learn humility, humanity, spirituality? Those celebrating these disdain for the humanity of the poor, how many of them would allow their own children to go through this? Is this the best/only way to organize religious education? Baba Gana Kingibe, fortunately, is still here, if he remembers!
I know I have jumbled so much together. I have even been chastised: why are you engaging with people who neither listen to each other or consider each other human? When I raised a number of questions arising from Alagba Gbadamosi's write-up, I expected engagement. Does anyone expect any different in a Trumpian age, when evil ceases to be evil? Truth died with Republican worship of the Devil. In Nigeria, ethnic and religious bigotry trumps reason!
O ma se o.
Dr. John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola BEWAJI, FJIM, MNAL
Professor of Philosophy
BA, MA, PhD Philosophy, PGDE, MA Distance Education
Postgraduate Certificate in Philosophy for Children
Department of Language, Linguistics and Philosophy
Faculty of Humanities and Education
University of the West Indies
Mona Campus Kingston 7 Jamaica
Tel: 1-876-927-1661-9 Ext: 3993
1-876-935-8993 (o)
Fax: 1-876-970-2949
Email: john.bewaji@uwimona.edu.jm johnayotundebewaji@gmail.com tundebewaji@yahoo.com (alternate)
tunde.bewaji@gmail.com (alternate)
http://www.cap-press.com/books/isbn/9781611630879/Narratives-of-Struggle (2012)
http://www.amazon.com/Black-Aesthetics (2012)
https://rowman.com/ISBN/9780739185032/Ontologized-Ethics (2013)
https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781498518383/The-Rule-of-Law-and-Governance-in-Indigenous-Yoruba-Society-A-Study-in-African-Philosophy-of-Law (2016)
http://www.cambridgescholars.com/the-humanities-and-the-dynamics-of-african-culture-in-the-21st-century (2017)
--On Saturday, 25 January 2020, 04:10:38 GMT+1, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin.adepoju@gmail.com> wrote:
Not true on Agatu massacre, Cornelius.
I followed it closely.
The killers first justified the massacre by claiming that they were acting in revenge for cows that had been killed.
When Nigerians queried the exchange of human lives for those of cows they changed their story to the claim that a Fulani man was killed.
They have sustained a war of conquest in the Middle Belt, massacring communities, displacing the inhabitants and moving in with their cows.
You seem to forget that I have been chronicling this subject on this and other fora since the 2015 escalation, and even drew up a timeline of these atrocities, with links to news reports of the massacres and the justifications by Miyeti Allah and their celebration by various Fulani groups.
You also forget that I have severally posted here assessments and information mapping the massacres by both the British Parliament and various terrorism mornitoring groups.
Nigerians now recognize the existence of a Fulani terrorist militia led by Miyeti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation and enabled by the right wing Fulani led Nigerian govt.
It is this realization that has given birth to Amotekun.
We are facing an ethno/religious jihad as was waged by Omar al Bashir in Sudan using the janjaweed, a civil war waged agst the rest of Nigeria by an entity that is integral to Buhari's govt, an unofficial union of govt/and non-govt forces, an aspiration towards what Hezbollah has officially achieved in Lebanon.
toyin
--On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 22:45, Cornelius Hamelberg <hamelbergcornelius4@gmail.com> wrote:
Toyin Adepoju,
To be a more persuasive and more convincing or believable messenger, even as a messenger of your own conscience, you have to at least appear to be even-handed.
To your credit, so far, you are consistent, and you often give some of us the impression that you are mostly preaching to the already converted, especially when you take it upon yourself to act as the spokesperson of the Edo people. We are yet to observe you say a bad or a more nuanced word about them for any kind of infraction, such as their over-reacting to the mere presence of any Fulani herdsman in the Edo-man's vicinity – a peaceful herdsman, minding his own business ( his cows), not disturbing anybody, simply passing through gives some people goose-pimples because of their disposition to all the propaganda out there, that a Fulani herdsman, a fellow Nigerian citizen passing through Edo land cannot be up to any good.
My Edo friend said he saw one on his land when he was holidaying back home in Edo-land last year, and I believe that for all we know he might have well been hallucinating, just out of fear, because he failed to capture anything apart from some bushes on his mobile phone camera. He assures me that the first thing that should be done when an Edo-man sees a Fulani man with or without cattle on his Edo-land, should be that he should run or reach for his rifle or his revolver as soon as possible. Better safe than sorry. As if the Fulani herdsman, a fellow citizen is always his enemy. So it was with the Holocaust, that Jews were slaughtered for merely being Jews and so it was with the murder of Fulani man Amadou Diallo. The guy who pulled the trigger on him assumed that Amadou was a fellow American who was well acquainted with the jargon in Hollywood's cowboy movies, so that when he ( like John Wayne) shouted at Amadou, " Reach for the sky" and Amadou just kept coming, he had no other option than to pull the trigger.
Does the Edo-man speak Fulani? That's another question.
Whenever the perception is that you are not being strictly honest, or that you are too one-sided and too Islamophobic to be "strictly honest", your credibility is thus at stake with the result that you cannot be an honest broker.
For example, let's take the Agatu Massacres which you cite. Your words:
"How did the current sharp decline in security emerge outside the Boko Haram crisis?
It began, shortly after the ascension of Buhari, with the massacre of hundreds in Agatu by Fulani herdsmen, who owned up to the massacre and justified it, through their umbrella group Miyetti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation, and who went on to perpetrate more of such cycles of massacres and justifications, massacring and dispersing various Middle Belt communities and taking over their lands. "
Dear Toyin, thou shalt not exaggerate! We live in a world of cause and effect: that is not how the Agatu Massacres are reported here – it's not that Fulani herdsmen went on a mindless rampage of wanton slaughtering; on the contrary, it started with the massacre of Fulani assets, their cows, their property, their livelihood….
--On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 11:55, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin.adepoju@gmail.com> wrote:
Beautifully written, but knowing the ideological/ethnic/religious provenance of the writer, I was waiting for certain admissions of reality, which unsurprisingly did not come, being instead subsumed into broad generalizations in the determination not to acknowledge those facts.
How did the current sharp decline in security emerge outside the Boko Haram crisis?
It began, shortly after the ascension of Buhari, with the massacre of hundreds in Agatu by Fulani herdsmen, who owned up to the massacre and justified it, through their umbrella group Miyetti Allah Fulani Socio-Cultural Organisation, and who went on to perpetrate more of such cycles of massacres and justifications, massacring and dispersing various Middle Belt communities and taking over their lands.
They even reached a point, as in Nimbo in the SE, of threatening to strike and doing so successfully, with the governor being powerless to stop them, the soldiers organised for the defense having been ordered to step down by an outside power before the attack, as the governor struggled unsuccessfully to reach Buhari at Aso Rock.
This is the kind of horror we have been subjected to since Buhari came to power.
As these outrages occurred, people like Jibrin Ibrahim from the same demographic as Miyetti Allah did not cry out about the absolute inhumanity demonstrated by this group led by Nigeria's most elite Fulani, most prominent of whom are the Sultan of Sokoto and the Emir of Kano, ex central bank governor Sanusi Lamido Sanusi.
When these persons eventually spoke up, the consensus among them was to lay the blame for the massacres on problems supposedly suffered by the herdsmen.
Buhari, from the same demographic, preferred to keep silent until stung into action by the criticism of Ayodele Fayose, then governor of Ekiti State and Femi Fani Kayode, ex minister of aviation.
The Fulani led govt did everything to accommodate the murderers, from policy initiatives to making sure their foot soldiers were not brought to book and the Miyetti Allah terrorist representatives were never questioned, as they became virtually a part of the Presidency, as demonstrated by the Minister of Defence, the Inspector General of Police and Buhari addressing the nation in tandem with the ideologies of Miyetti Allah.
As their power grew, right wing Fulani terrorism expanded into kidnapping, a sharp rise in abductions demonstrated by a high no of victims attesting to the fact of their abductors being Fulani.
So, its not factual to attribute the current drastic degeneration in security in Nigeria to faceless 'bandits and brigands' or to a generalized free for all between Nigerians or to the euphemistic 'herders and farmers' conflict.
It stems from the expansion of terrorism by right wing Fulani aided by their patron in Aso Rock, Muhammadu Buhari.
Fulani Militia, along with Boko Haram, are rightly described by international terrorism watch agencies, with reference to personnel, operational style, victim zones and casualties of victims as two of the deadliest terrors groups of the world, a fact that those who share ethno/religious identity with the Fulani militia refuse to acknowledge, in the face of the evidence, as with Jibrin's ostensibly even handed essay above.
Toyin
--On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 09:52, Jibrin Ibrahim <jibrinibrahim891@gmail.com> wrote:
--Our Collective Fears and the Urgent Need for Presidential Response
Jibrin Ibrahim, Deepening Democracy Column, Daily Trust, 24th January 2020
It has been a long time since I have seen Nigerians as frightened as they are currently. It's the type of all-pervasive fear that emerges when people become acutely aware that they are confronted with multiple threats to their safety and that if one does not get them, another would. It's above all the fear grounded in the belief that as the numerous threats march towards them, no one in authority is trying to do anything about it. It's the fear rooted in the knowledge that State authority has substantially collapsed in Nigeria, small arms and light weapons are in the hands of bandits, terrorists and militants and these bad guys are using the arms against the people. As the situation deteriorates, people are frightened that their president is talking to them less and travelling out more to network with the world while they are being killed, abducted and stolen from.
If I had access to the President, my advice to him is to declare a one-year moratorium on foreign travel and start talking to Nigerians about what could be done to address the problems facing them. My second advice is that he should warn his spokespersons, Femi Adesina and Garba Shehu to stop sending Presidential letters of felicitations and goodwill to all members of the elite over 70 years celebrating their birthday. I see them almost daily and I always ask myself is birthday wishes the most important issue on the President's desk today? For me, there are more pressing issues that he should concern himself with.
The Presidential narrative on Boko Haram has been that their capacity to fight has been degraded, the territories they took five years ago have since been recovered and they have become a ragtag group capable of inly hitting soft targets and sending girls on suicide missions. Every Nigerian wishes that this is indeed the situation. Every Nigerian knows however that they have moved from attacking soft targets to attacking and killing our gallant soldiers virtually on a daily basis. That over the past week, they have taken over control of the road between Maiduguri and Damaturu and have been killing and abducting travellers. The Borno State Governor has had occasion to complain last week that soldiers have been busy collecting toll from rather than defending road travellers and after his complain, the road fell completely to the control of the insurgents. Nigerians are afraid because they can see a decline in performance of the military and there is no attempt on the part of the Government to get a new leadership for them. Nigerians are also frightened because the security situation in the North East further deteriorated when the Chadian soldiers helping us withdrew. How and why has the mighty fallen?
Nigerians have become frightened of travelling on the roads in all geo-political zones in the country because bandits and kidnappers have become the kings of our roads. Hundreds of people are being attacked regularly, killed, kidnapped, raped and forced to pay ransoms in millions. We live in dread because payment of the ransom is itself not a guarantee that our kidnapped loved ones would be returned alive. Meanwhile, so many families and communities are becoming bankrupt as they are forced to sell their belongings to pay ransom that might or might not lead to the release of their loved ones.
Nigerians live in apprehension because there has been a massive expansion of the phenomenon of rural banditry in the country. The problem which started as conflicts between farmers and herders has been transformed into widespread armed attacks on rural communities leading to mass killings, arson, theft and again the despicable action of rape and sexual violence. Many people are no longer able to access their farmlands or stay in their communities leading to the mortal fear that their land would be taken away from them. Armed banditry which was a largely urban phenomenon is now everywhere and people are in anxiety because they are neither safe in their urban abode or in their home communities.
Nigerians are dismayed because as fear and dread follow wanton killings and destruction, the phenomenon of hate has enveloped their lives. The narratives emerging on rural banditry in the media and in popular discourse have become part of the drivers for expanding the conflicts and killings. The growth of rural banditry has been grafted upon a background of intense competition over increasingly scarce land and water resources in rural communities. The problem is that the protagonists in these growing conflicts are being reduced in an over simplified manner to nomadic Fulani cattle herders, who are mostly Muslims, and sedentary farmer communities of several other ethnic extractions, who are often non-Muslim. These two distinct groups are usually depicted as perpetrators and victims, respectively. The reality is more complex and more serious as freelance armed banditry has taken over the killings and bandits of all religious and ethnic persuasions have joined the fray while the ethno-religious narratives have remained. Fear is intensifying because more and more Nigerians are convinced that the others hate them, are trying to destroy them and no one is trying to defend them.
The danger of the unfolding dynamics is that the expansions of hate speech, stigmatization of communities, religious and ethnic groups is causing growing distrust as negative stereotyping between "the one" and "the other" becomes the national pastime. The result is the rise of ethnic and religious bigotry, culminating in the escalation of further chains of attacks and counter or revenge attacks being exchanged between these different groups. There is dismay in the country because each group is convinced they are victims and the State is not there to protect them. Life has become in Hobbes words – "nasty, brutish and short". No one appears worried about the manner in which the social media in particular is mass-producing discourses and narratives that are intensifying conflicts. Each day, we receive numerous reports, especially on our WhatsApp platforms about how the enemy is killing and abducting our people while the State would not act. Nigerians in Katsina, Benue, Bornu, Abia and elsewhere are all convinced about their victimhood and the absent State thereby maintaining the country on the straight path to self-destruction.
The rural peace offered by the British following their formal occupation of all of Nigeria's territory in 1903 has completely crumbled and rural and urban banditry by well-armed criminal gangs, most of them multi-ethnic, is emptying Nigeria of its objects of value – lives, livelihoods, property, liberty and safety. Part of the effects of the process is massive population displacements and as the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) grow, farming becomes impossible in many places and the risk of famine is today very real. The Government appears to believe it has a lot of time to work on these issues so there is no rapid response to multiple crises. The security situation in the country is unravelling and citizens have become despondent as they see no State action addressing the issues. I have not even spoken of the traditional problems including militancy in the Niger Delta and Biafran secessionist movements, not to talk of the new Amotekun challenge.
What must get out of the conundrum of the constant relay between a normally absent State and an occupation State that appears when killings have occurred and soldiers are brought in. The President must act, continuously engage with Nigerians on what is happening and what he is doing about it. He and his Government must address our fears, anxieties and concerns and assure us that there is a future for the Nigerian State on the basis of concrete actions being taken to address our collective fears over our security and welfare.
Professor Jibrin IbrahimSenior FellowCentre for Democracy and Development, AbujaFollow me on twitter @jibrinibrahim17
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