GE.
All of these are true but they did not spread through ALL of Africa at once as individual units nor through all of the individual regions in which they were situated during their individual epochs e.g Songhai did not occupy the whole of West African sub- region neither did Oyo Empire nor Sokoto Caliphate.
The problems of administering cultural multinationality in part inevitably led to their unraveling. Its an inevitable historical process of over extension as it happened in ancient Rome.
OAA
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emeagwali@ccsu.edu>
Date: 25/04/2020 22:39 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
African supranational formations existed although not in the context of a single unitary confederation across the continent.
We have the precedent of unification and unifying in empires such as the Songhai empire that was about 500,000 square miles,and
coming a bit closer to our era, the Sokoto and Tokolor empires, about 290,000 sq miles and
241,000 sq miles respectively.
In the Northeast we have the Aksumite at around 400,000 sq. miles, and when Egypt and Nubia became a single nation under the Nubian Napata dynasty in the 8th century BCE, this unit was
certainly more than 600,000 square miles.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Prof. of History/African Studies, CCSU
africahistory.net; vimeo.com/ gloriaemeagwali
Recipient of the 2014 Distinguished Research
Excellence Award, Univ. of Texas at Austin;
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
Prof. of History/African Studies, CCSU
africahistory.net; vimeo.com/ gloriaemeagwali
Recipient of the 2014 Distinguished Research
Excellence Award, Univ. of Texas at Austin;
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of OLAYINKA AGBETUYI <yagbetuyi@hotmail.com>
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2020 2:02 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2020 2:02 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
Please be cautious: **External Email**
Ken.
It is that ideal which EU once posed but could not actualise that Biko wants if I read him right.
If Europe which was once ruled by ancient Rome and Holy Roman Empire before the emergence of nation states could no longer sustain the ideal how would Africa without such previous extensive supranational formation manage it?
OAA
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Harrow, Kenneth" <harrow@msu.edu>
Date: 25/04/2020 18:52 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
biko, you are arguing not simply for a unified africa, but an africa under a progressive, leftish govt.
what if it's under a thoroughly neoliberal govt? an authoritarian govt, like china, say?
and what if the 55 states still exist as states within a country, like the eu, each with its own regional interests, its own corruption? what of nigeria, vs togo. someone tell me why nigeria, which is the largest african state, doesn't represent the ideal because of its size? any outsider reading this list would find words like fulani yoruba igbo offered over and again as evil or corrupt or whatever, with the implication that the north should go off on its own.
actually i don't really see size as a benefit for the citizens, based on the comparison, say, between the ussr and what is now the exploded state around it.
for a while the eu was a model, but not really, since germany messed up the economies of the south so badly.
i mostly fault nation states for the sad state of the world. i 'd need to be convinced why more variations of it are a good thing, as opposed to eliminating nation states in the ideal the eu once espoused.
ken
kenneth harrow
professor emeritus
dept of english
michigan state university
517 803-8839
harrow@msu.edu
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of OLAYINKA AGBETUYI <yagbetuyi@hotmail.com>
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2020 11:35 AM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
Sent: Saturday, April 25, 2020 11:35 AM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
My point is there is relative unity without unanimity now. In fact the fight against colonialism was the catalyst for a unity (and union) that was not there before. No union is needed for that unity; in fact a union with its contradictions will undermine the unity.
OAA
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Date: 25/04/2020 16:04 (GMT+00:00)
To: 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
O,
'Unity is neither unanimity nor uniformity. A Little goes a long way.' - Amilcar Cabral, Unity and Struggles.
Biko
On Friday, 24 April 2020, 22:15:28 GMT-4, 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
Brother Eto,
Your concerns are in order. What you identified is the weakness of national left groups in Africa. Comrade Madunagu is directing his challenge to the Nigerian Left but relatively left out the Pan African Left. Meanwhile, the Lugano Report was pitched at the global level and not at the micro-national level because capitalism is a global mode of production. I agree with you that we need to think of the problem at the level of the United Republic of African States because the colonizers did not think of us as atomized colonies - they still see us as Anglophone, Francophone, Lusophone or Arab-speaking Africa whereas we have always been Afrophone. The problems you find in any African state can also be found in every other African state to indicate that they are common problems to be tackled together more effectively.
Ken is saying that little countries in Europe are rich but he forgot what made them rich - our rulers rob us blind and stash the loot in places like Switzerland, London, Paris, US. We also have small states in Africa and we have huge ones too but what you find problematic in the house of the rat is also problematic in the house of the lizard. Our problem is that the scramble for Africa was designed to divide and weaken us. By re-uniting, we can pool our resources together and stop having 55 ineffective military budgets, 55 embassies in every country with some too poor to pay their rents or phone bills, 55 or more internal borders holding up commerce and the movement of the people, allowing genocidal regimes to pounce on any group of Africans that they fancy without fear of being stopped by the Peoples Republic of Africa United Democratically. Pooling our resources will create a sizable budget for education, health, agriculture, infrastructure construction, industrialization, single currency, single passport, federal parliament but still allow states to have their own constitutions and manage local affairs. The African Diaspora will also find it easier to exercise the right to return instead of going to one small country and being boxed in by the ridiculous colonial boundaries that our people defy daily in their millions.
Foreign countries have nothing to fear from a united Africa. We have learned the lesson that war-making is wasteful and like the countries that have not fought any war in the past 50 years but concentrated on development, the
United Republic of African States will not be interested in waging war against foreign countries. Instead, we will engage in soft diplomacy by inviting talented foreigners to apply for immigration with a path to citizenship. Foreign countries that wish to deal with Africa will find it easier because rather than negotiate with 55 inconsequential heads of state, they will be negotiating with a united powerful voice that will command respect. A untied Africa will be able to produce more for export and for internal needs and will also have more resources to import goods, not military weapons, for the benefit of all.
What is missing is the launch of the Africana Mass Party with branches in every state across Africa to lead the re-unification campaign. Forward Ever. Do not agonize. Organize!
Biko
On Friday, 24 April 2020, 19:04:22 GMT-4, OLAYINKA AGBETUYI <yagbetuyi@hotmail.com> wrote:
Ken.
Im with you in questioning this overflogged idea that a unified Africa ( which is different from African unity meaning cooperation) on its own can lead to a rapid economic development.
It will lead to more beauricratic bottlenecks and conflict in managing regional economic policies which is supposed to lead to economic integration as the ECOWAS economic example has shown with the France zone.
A larger market does not easily translate to economic success of the members of that market. It means more mouths to feed in the expanded market zone but fed with whose regional products and under which agreements on distributive justice regarded shared resources? What is the acceptable basis of sharing such resources? These are primary questions that need to be tackled first. Otherwise we are just dealing with a pipe dream.
OAA
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Harrow, Kenneth" <harrow@msu.edu>
Date: 24/04/2020 18:18 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
hi julius
i understand the history of pan-africanism, i believe, well enough. i see its virtues, to be sure. but not economic. perhaps you can explain to me the magic of how combining various states somehow augments their economic power. i don't get it.
india is enormous, but not an economic powerhouse. until china turned to development policies that exploited global development, it was enormous and dead poor.
what difference does size make? i could say, well, switzerland is small and rich, as is singapore.
anyway, explain to me how you see the policy would work. right now i see poverty in the sahel, wealth in botswana. go ahead and explain how we get from the one to the other.
ken
kenneth harrow
professor emeritus
dept of english
michigan state university
517 803-8839
harrow@msu.edu
From: 'Julius Eto' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 23, 2020 1:54 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
Sent: Thursday, April 23, 2020 1:54 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
Greetings Prof Ken Harrow.
Sir, my focus is not on racism which i care less about and don't see as a problem. My focus is on Pan-Africanism as an ideology for the unity, rapid development and collective security of our continent. If Africa were one country (like USA, Russia, Canada, China or even India) and developed, it would earn respect like the Chinese and Japanese, even from arch Caucasian racists.
If Trump calls you a Black or African American, you call him a German American. Same for Pence, Clinton, Biden etc who are not aboriginal/native Americans.
I said it sometime ago that if you call me a monkey because of my colour, I can call you a dog or pig because of your colour.
We are all (Africans, Caucasians, Asians etc) people of colour. There are no blacks or whites in the strict sense or meanings of these words.
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 10:27:52 PM GMT+1, Harrow, Kenneth <harrow@msu.edu> wrote:
the challenge of today, julius, is to think how the core of leftist values can be made political objectives when the objective conditions of production, of capitalism of today, are no longer those of industrial capitalism with proletariat and bourgeoisie as
classes.
sorry, the older references to marxism, fanon, padmore, etc, belong to another period, and for me are not guides when evoked within the context of yesterday....
so, yes, racism is a problem, but it not the same as in the past; exploitation is a problem, but we no longer have a bourgeois class of owners with factories; the relationship of the state to the ruling class is completely different from the past.
simultaneously we have demands based on gender, on age, on multiple identity factors.
even neoliberalist globalization refigures the world so that revolution is no longer a meaningful factor.
i remember derrida's book on marx, where he called for embracing the spirit of marxism, not the solutions and strategies of marx. i'd begin there. the spirit of marx, the spirit of fanon, the spirit of our african intellectuals from mandela or nyerere on, their
embrace of justice and progressive values--not the capitalism of mandela or the socialism of nyerere, but the progressive calls of our own age--which we have plenty of, with ocasio cortez, ilhan omar, rashida tlaib, and their generation of young leftists.
ken
kenneth harrow
professor emeritus
dept of english
michigan state university
517 803-8839
harrow@msu.edu
From: 'Julius Eto' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2020 3:47 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
If China and Russia were fragmented and not giant entities, they would have been easily dealt with and even overrun by the West as East Germany, Yugoslavia, Poland and others learnt. Small Ukraine is facing imperialist Russian onslaught
and pressure.
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 08:28:03 PM GMT+1, 'Julius Eto' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
Individual African nations alone, in their present small sizes, cannot survive even if they all become communist/socialist because they will still be manipulable by the dominant global powers (Russia, USA, China, EU etc).
All communist/Marxist theories become practically limited when applied to Africa if the continent remains fragmented. All black intellectuals and some enlightened politicians know this truth, though it's bitter to some of the selfish ones and agents of capitalist
and communist imperialism.
Recall how one of the fathers of Pan-Africanism and grand old men of Caribbean radicalism, George Padmore, was treated by the Communist International (CI). He was the head of the Negro Bureau of the CI but had to quit when he realised that white communists
were also racist. And despite all that he did (risks and sacrifices) for the Algerian revolution/independence, the new nation's racist pan-Arab leaders refused to honour radical black activist intellectual Frantz Fanon.
That's why Pan-Africanism can never accept communism "hook, line and sinker."
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 07:35:22 AM GMT+1, Chido Onumah <conumah@hotmail.com> wrote:
Humanity will survive this pandemic as it survived others before it. But the Left and all anti-capitalist forces should determine that global capitalism, together with its regional and national
segments, will not be allowed to reconstitute its pre-pandemic political hegemony when all this is over.
https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.chidoonumah.com/re-introducing-the-lugano-report-on-preserving-capitalism-in-the-21st-century/__;!!HXCxUKc!nQk7eP7NJCNhA_Fw52ekrMB9SL-5BM6xlq1f53slPrrr2tI9PeHl-C2nm6wrJg$
Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century"
By Edwin Madunagu Sometime in 1999, as both the 20th century and the second millennium were drawing to a close, the Pluto Press, London, released a book with the title: "The Lugano Report" and subtitl
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Regards,
Chido Onumah
Coordinator, African Centre for Media & Information Literacy (AFRICMIL:
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Sir, my focus is not on racism which i care less about and don't see as a problem. My focus is on Pan-Africanism as an ideology for the unity, rapid development and collective security of our continent. If Africa were one country (like USA, Russia, Canada, China or even India) and developed, it would earn respect like the Chinese and Japanese, even from arch Caucasian racists.
If Trump calls you a Black or African American, you call him a German American. Same for Pence, Clinton, Biden etc who are not aboriginal/native Americans.
I said it sometime ago that if you call me a monkey because of my colour, I can call you a dog or pig because of your colour.
We are all (Africans, Caucasians, Asians etc) people of colour. There are no blacks or whites in the strict sense or meanings of these words.
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 10:27:52 PM GMT+1, Harrow, Kenneth <harrow@msu.edu> wrote:
the challenge of today, julius, is to think how the core of leftist values can be made political objectives when the objective conditions of production, of capitalism of today, are no longer those of industrial capitalism with proletariat and bourgeoisie as
classes.
sorry, the older references to marxism, fanon, padmore, etc, belong to another period, and for me are not guides when evoked within the context of yesterday....
so, yes, racism is a problem, but it not the same as in the past; exploitation is a problem, but we no longer have a bourgeois class of owners with factories; the relationship of the state to the ruling class is completely different from the past.
simultaneously we have demands based on gender, on age, on multiple identity factors.
even neoliberalist globalization refigures the world so that revolution is no longer a meaningful factor.
i remember derrida's book on marx, where he called for embracing the spirit of marxism, not the solutions and strategies of marx. i'd begin there. the spirit of marx, the spirit of fanon, the spirit of our african intellectuals from mandela or nyerere on, their
embrace of justice and progressive values--not the capitalism of mandela or the socialism of nyerere, but the progressive calls of our own age--which we have plenty of, with ocasio cortez, ilhan omar, rashida tlaib, and their generation of young leftists.
ken
kenneth harrow
professor emeritus
dept of english
michigan state university
517 803-8839
harrow@msu.edu
From: 'Julius Eto' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, April 22, 2020 3:47 PM
To: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century" by Edwin Madunagu
If China and Russia were fragmented and not giant entities, they would have been easily dealt with and even overrun by the West as East Germany, Yugoslavia, Poland and others learnt. Small Ukraine is facing imperialist Russian onslaught
and pressure.
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 08:28:03 PM GMT+1, 'Julius Eto' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
Individual African nations alone, in their present small sizes, cannot survive even if they all become communist/socialist because they will still be manipulable by the dominant global powers (Russia, USA, China, EU etc).
All communist/Marxist theories become practically limited when applied to Africa if the continent remains fragmented. All black intellectuals and some enlightened politicians know this truth, though it's bitter to some of the selfish ones and agents of capitalist
and communist imperialism.
Recall how one of the fathers of Pan-Africanism and grand old men of Caribbean radicalism, George Padmore, was treated by the Communist International (CI). He was the head of the Negro Bureau of the CI but had to quit when he realised that white communists
were also racist. And despite all that he did (risks and sacrifices) for the Algerian revolution/independence, the new nation's racist pan-Arab leaders refused to honour radical black activist intellectual Frantz Fanon.
That's why Pan-Africanism can never accept communism "hook, line and sinker."
On Wednesday, April 22, 2020, 07:35:22 AM GMT+1, Chido Onumah <conumah@hotmail.com> wrote:
Humanity will survive this pandemic as it survived others before it. But the Left and all anti-capitalist forces should determine that global capitalism, together with its regional and national
segments, will not be allowed to reconstitute its pre-pandemic political hegemony when all this is over.
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Re-introducing "The Lugano Report: On preserving capitalism in the 21st century"
By Edwin Madunagu Sometime in 1999, as both the 20th century and the second millennium were drawing to a close, the Pluto Press, London, released a book with the title: "The Lugano Report" and subtitl
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Regards,
Chido Onumah
Coordinator, African Centre for Media & Information Literacy (AFRICMIL:
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