--Moses:
I am not on Facebook, and will never be. I don't know Professor Afaha, but do please let him know that:
I can never fight anyone over intellectual debates and disagreements. I must provoke. I encourage my students to go on intellectual attack. When Nigerian scholars follow me to my graduate class, they think that the students have no respect for me. I don't see consent as respect. I flourish in intellectual conflicts, not peace! Anyone who is not well read must not come near my space. When I invited Professor Afolayan of the University of Ibadan to give a lecture, the entire class was stunned when I said "his lecture has convinced me that we should abolish Philosophy as a discipline." The students went ahead to demolish me. That demolition is my source of intellectual survival!
Due to the limited time for the rest of my life, I no longer attend conferences, and rarely social events, as I can use the time to write an essay. I have four very long forthcoming solo books that will disturb the academy. As long as you don't abuse a fellow human being, I am fine. To abuse is not an argument but a character flaw. And I cannot support ethical violations. If you are with me and don't unbalance my mind, I don't enjoy your company. I send notes in the middle of the night. I wake up my friends at 1 AM. People wake me up at 2 AM. Last night, I called Professor Adeshina of the University of Ibadan around my own 2 AM. I created a theory around obo, Yoruba word for vagina, and applied it to the debate. I argued to Afolayan that Moses and Farooq are violating the vagina theory: the more you give away the vagina, the more discredited you become. Obo is not oju (eyes), and obo's power resides in scarcity and prestige. I see social media as vagina rupturing, a gross violation of the vagina, and in the process, they elevate what they do to oko (penis), a very reckless, unconscionable, unethical object!
My utmost admiration is to Esu (Falola, Esu: Yoruba God, Power, and the Imaginative Frontiers https://www.amazon.com/Esu-Yoruba-Power-Imaginative-Frontiers/dp/1611632226). Even in this current debate, Esu sent me on an errand, but he converted the meaning to another and entrapped Moses! If I reveal the full context of the debate, you will understand Esu. So, Esu has made me more famous as that little piece reached the table of two sitting African presidents!
Esu, creator of ruptures.
Legba sets fire and watches the house as it burns down
Eleda, don't send me on a fake errand so that you don't club me to death
Exu, never close the argument
Eleggua, I don't know the road to take
Cxu Elegbara, I don't know the words to use
Elegba, I don't know who my friends are
Elegbera, I don't know who my enemies are
Odara, disturb all minds
I bow
TF
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Moses Ebe Ochonu <meochonu@gmail.com>
Date: Saturday, January 23, 2021 at 1:58 PM
To: USAAfricaDialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - 3 Fallacies in Falola's "Diss" of Diasporan Academics Over ASUUAne below, I bring you a Facebook comment on Farooq's piece by our colleague, Professor Afaha of UniAbuja, and my response to him:
Afaha: Falola, Ochonu, Kperogi are the teachers I respect most outside Nigeria. I'm afraid this issue may somehow degenerate into bad blood. These 3 profs are leaders in their own right and should take this debate outside the social media. The more you guys dig in, the more my fears of unintended mudslinging. Our respected profs should "be calming down". I enjoy your diction sir.
Me: Comrade, there's no cause for worry. We're actually modeling intellectual disputation that's not rooted in malice or personal enmity. Don't be surprised if Falola calls Farooq or messages or emails both of us later today for more debate and/or Farooq and I continue to challenge him. We've been doing that for many years privately and semi-publicly. We all enjoy it. He loves debate and disagreements. We disagree with him strongly on these issues. He knows it and respects us for that. He thinks it's wrong to criticize colleagues in Nigeria publicly; he says it discourages them. Instead he criticizes them in private to us, even in harsher terms and with more scandalous examples that he knows first hand. Then he reaches out to his Nigerian network privately like he did with that message to flatter and pander to them, while pillorying his diaspora colleagues with whom he shares numerous criticisms of practices in our universities and even ASUU. In public he massages our home-based colleagues' egos and goes after diaspora folks who criticize Nigerian academia's deficiencies in public. He says it's better to support our home-based colleagues rather than criticize them in public. We disagree because we think it would have the unintended result of subsidizing their shenanigans and well-known failings. We fundamentally disagree with him on his tactic and have told him so several times. Not only do we think it is duplicitous and insincere, we also think it is counterproductive because you're telling people who need to be woken up to their culpabilities that all is well and that the problem is not them but ignorant and inferior diaspora colleagues who are talking down the Nigerian academy to destroy Africa! This is false, of course, but more dangerously, it breeds more mediocrity and complacency, escapism, and delusion--all things that we don't need as Nigeria's higher education system atrophies. Falola means well. He thinks he's encouraging our home-based colleagues, but we consider it dangerous pandering that creates a false sense that all is well. If you know that things are broken, as he does and has told us many times, the answer is not to lie to those who are partly culpable or are in the system. The answer is uncomfortable truth telling--in public. We also believe that such uncomfortable debates are necessary--in public. He knows where we stand and we know where he stands but we remain intellectually connected and we're sparring partners. Outside the substance of the debate, let younger people see that academics often disagree and that intellectual fisticuffs are healthy and important aspects of academic culture.
On Sat, Jan 23, 2021 at 1:06 PM Moses Ebe Ochonu <meochonu@gmail.com> wrote:
Biko,
We're talking about lecturers sexually harassing their students and your "whataboutism" revolves around the false and forced equivalence of student-student sexual assaults and interactions on US college campuses? The US has 50000 universities. Nigeria has less than 250. How many profesor-student sexual harassment cases do you see in 5000 American colleges a year, and how many occur in Nigeria's less than 250? For me, beyond the crudely empirical comparison of incidents, what is important is to look at two factors: punitive and deterrence measures in both places. This is where the huge difference lies, and it is what is ultimately responsible for the much much lower rate of that vice on US college campuses relative to Nigerian ones. It is not that American and America-based academics are inherently more morally upright or sexually disciplined than their Nigerian counterparts.
Feel-good escapism and unfounded nationalist self-assurance is dangerous.
I don't give much credence to statistical and textual discourses that pander to us and to our dysfunctional institutions. The people who do the ranking and their "Africa Rising" narratives flatter to deceive, to use the popular literary cliche.
I prefer uncomfortable truth telling to pandering and condescension that distort the truth of our well-known predicament. Our university system is near-comatose and requires deep reforms. I'm afraid that Falola's viral piece, whatever his intentions, and cutting him slack for the fact that a private conversation was leaked, has done a lot of damage because folks are brandishing it as validation for the mediocrity and malfeasance that characterize our universities. That private note is now evidence, to some people, that all is well and that the problem is not them or the broken system but ignorant and arrogant diaspora academics who want to destroy Africa and talk down her higher educational institutions.
Make I go work abeg; ASUU no dey pay me.
On Sat, Jan 23, 2021 at 12:15 PM 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
Moses, no be me write am. That was just a cut and paste from the THE ranking page. Of course we should be skeptical of all ranking systems. But it is ridiculous to say that no university in Nigeria is better than any in the US or the UK, Japan, or Europe. At least three in the ranking from Nigeria appear outstanding. Bro Farooq should admit his error and correct that assertion. We no dey carry last always.
On the other issues you raised, you will agree with me that the problems are not unique to Nigeria. Take a poll on how many professors around the world are married to their former students and imagine when the relationship started. Almost weekly, the campus police departments in the US announcer cases of sexual assault involving students who are acquainted with each other but add that no charges are being brought. The pandemic of rape around the world is a serious syndemic and experts advise that prevention is better than punishment partly because it is tough to convict suspects in he said she said cases. Do you have suggestions on how to prevent sexual crimes around the world?
Biko
On Saturday, 23 January 2021, 12:19:58 GMT-5, Moses Ochonu <meochonu@gmail.com> wrote:
Biko, really? You want to debate the world university rankings and its wahala? You don't you want us to prepare our syllabi and prepare for classes? By the way, reading the first few lines of your post, I thought it was satire or a sarcastic preamble. It read like one of those American platitudinous journalistic discourses of Africa Rising, which are often written as disguised investment advisories for Wall Street and hedge fund types looking for the next hot place to park their funds..
Sent from my iPhone
On Jan 23, 2021, at 10:55 AM, 'Biko Agozino' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> wrote:
Nigeria is a country on a steep ascent. Its economy and its population are growing steadily and are only set to keep expanding.
Proportionally, the youth population is one of the largest in the world, and the country has a blossoming higher education sector.
Although only six universities feature in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, the country is home to almost 130 institutions. Some of these are owned by the federal and state governments, while 50 are privately owned.
Check out the best universities in Nigeria based on data collected by Times Higher Education.
1. University of Ibadan
The University of Ibadan began with just three departments – science, medicine and the arts – but has since expanded to take in 13 faculties, including social sciences, agriculture and forestry, education, technology, law and dentistry.
The founding mission of the university was to make education available to all. It has a well-established Distance Learning Centre where students who have financial or familial barriers are able to study.
Ibadan also has its own zoological and botanical gardens filled with many endangered animals and plants, and a number of conservation programmes are supported.
2. Lagos State University
Established in 1983, Lagos State University is a public university in Nigeria, operating three major campuses, namely: Ojo, Ukeja and Epa.
Lagos State University is the only state university in Lagos State.
Notable alumni include former deputy governor of Lagos State Oluranti Adebule, singer and songwriter Brymo, actress Chioma Chukwuka and Tajudeen Obasa, member of the National Assembly.
Best universities in Africa
Best universities in the emerging economies: top 100
A day in the life of a student in Nigeria
3. University of Lagos
The University of Lagos was founded in 1962 and has three campuses in Lagos, the nation's commercial capital. These are: the Main Campus at Akoka (which is largely surrounded by the scenic view of the Lagos lagoon), the School of Radiography at Yaba, and its College of Medicine, at Idi-Araba, Surulere.
The University offers over 86 undergraduate and 140 postgraduate programmes spread across 12 faculties and five institutes.
There are also 10 research centres, some of which are Centres of Excellence and over a hundred research groups. Some of the research being undertaken at the university include drug research and herbal medicine, economic policy analysis and autism and neuro development disorders among others.
The best universities in Nigeria 2021
Click on each institution to see its full World University Rankings 2021 results
World University Rank 2021
Nigeria Rank 2021
University
City/state
401–500
1
University of Ibadan
Founded in 1932, the University of Ibadan (UI) was the first university to be established in Nigeria. Originally...
Ibadan 501–600 2Lagos State University Lagos 601–800 3University of Lagos Lagos 801–1000 4Covenant University Ogun 1001+ =5University of Nigeria Nsukka Nsukka 1001+ =5Obafemi Awolowo University
Obafemi Awolowo University
Obafemi Awolowo University is a federal government owned and operated Nigerian university. It was established in...
Ife
On Saturday, 23 January 2021, 11:22:19 GMT-5, Biko Agozino <bikozino@yahoo.com> wrote:
Fallacy of fallacies, negation of the negation:
1. The worst university in the US is better than the best University in Nigeria.
Na lie. Several US Universities (such as University of West Michigan, Texas State University, many Japanese and Polish universities) are ranked 1001+ in the world compared to the University of Ibadan ranked 250-500 by the Times Higher Education ranking of world universities in 2021:
University of Ibadan
Founded in 1932, the University of Ibadan (UI) was the first university to be established in Nigeria. Originally...
Biko
On Saturday, 23 January 2021, 10:33:55 GMT-5, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin.adepoju@gmail.com> wrote:
Exciting response from Falola.
But...is it wrong to mentor for a fee?
On Sat, Jan 23, 2021, 16:16 Toyin Falola <toyinfalola@austin.utexas.edu> wrote:
A small point of correction.
Routledge sent to me a manuscript (I cannot mention the title and topic as this is grossly a violation of academic practice) on literature—it crossed the lines of critical criticisms to insults. I made copies and sent to a few colleagues to understand the nature of the problem. I even exchanged a note with Professor Femi Osofisan that a former student that Ibadan trained could write like that.
A diaspora scholar was asked to give a workshop on grants. After his talk, I asked "what grants have you collected?" He said none. I wrote an angry letter to the African Union to always verify and to check profile. What now passes for mentoring are stuff on the Internet. He wrote that I wanted to destroy him. You and I can disagree but I cannot say that one must mentor on what he does not practice. The Tai Solarin University wanted to send their staff to me on university administration. I said that, on my part, this will be a fraud. I cannot mentor anyone on how to administer a University. I have, in my entire career, declined to even be a Head of Department. I have turned down 8 offers to be a Vice-chancellor. Should I go to the Internet and be telling them things?
I was in Nairobi and saw a for profit mentoring school. Out of curiosity, I went there. I was alarmed when the "teacher" said he will get them to Oxford under Wale Adebanwi and get grants from Cyril Obi in Social Research Council. I went to the police, but they said it is a registered business. I immediately contacted Cyril Obi and Wale Adebanwi. They can confirm. I spoke to Cyril Obi by phone to insert a statement on their site.
It was later I knew that those in the Diaspora have been scamming, your colleagues, my colleagues. One recently gave a professorship/fellowship to a governor!
A member on this site who went back to West Africa set a fee paying mentorship, I sent him a private message to stop. When he did not, I contacted the Minister of Education.
So, that was the context in a thread: Emerging fraud in the Diaspora/Emerging deceit/Emerging insults on our colleagues/Emerging fake credentials.
So where is the thread where I mentioned ASUU? My views on ASUU are public, two op-ed last year.
I was initially angry that a private message was leaked. He is my friend, I expressed my displeasure. Another person formatted it as a lecture. By the time it spread---to Lesotho, Malawi, Uganda, Ghana, South Africa, Namibia (I don't know how many countries but those are the ones I know), people were adding to it. By the time I saw the Gambian edition, it was readjusted to justify the appointment of a Pakistani as a Vice Chancellor, saying that Falola sees no qualified Gambian in the diaspora to head a University!
Thus the piece becomes an agency to express what each person is angry about!
I apologize for this clarification as I don't want it to take away from your cogent points. Yai that I wrote a piece on did not have a PhD. Polly Hill did her major work without one. Elizabeth Isichei wrote many books on Nigerian history without an initial degree in it. The University of Malaysia, where I examine, is now producing excellent PhD thesis on Africa.
TF
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Farooq A. Kperogi <farooqkperogi@gmail.com>
Date: Saturday, January 23, 2021 at 8:34 AM
To: USAAfrica Dialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: USA Africa Dialogue Series - 3 Fallacies in Falola's "Diss" of Diasporan Academics Over ASUUSaturday, January 23, 2021
3 Fallacies in Falola's "Diss" of Diasporan Academics Over ASUU
By Farooq A. Kperogi, Ph.D.
Twitter: @farooqkperogi
I initially resisted responding to Professor Toyin Falola's trending essay titled "IS THE DIASPORA NOW ABOUT RUBBISHING THOSE AT HOME?"— which he wrote partly in response to the guest column I invited Professor Moses Ochonu to write— for three reasons.
One, the article was so atypically self-aggrandizing that I thought the Professor Falola I've known since 2004 couldn't possibly be its author. Falola, like all greats, has a reputation for self-effacement and for disarmingly self-deprecating humility.
But the article wasn't just gratuitously self-conceited (particularly for someone who is already sitting pretty at the mountaintop of enormous scholarly accomplishments and has no need to toot his own horn), it was also an invidiously below-the-belt symbolic violence against unnamed targets Falola perceives as less privileged than he is, which ironically vitiates his charge of superciliousness against diasporan critics of ASUU's enablement of mediocrity in the Nigerian university system. I thought someone fraudulently appended his name to lend unearned gravitas to a flawed apologia.
Two, after confirming that he wrote it, I said, well, Falola is a fecund, stellar, far-famed, and generous scholar who has become the patriarch of African academics in North America— and who has earned the perquisite to get away with some benign indiscretions without being challenged.
Three, I discovered that the article wasn't meant for public consumption; it was a private email to a select group of Nigerian academics. It was meant, as I understand it, to flatter them and soothe their bruised, brittle egos in the aftermath of searingly stinging but entirely warranted animadversions against ASUU by diasporan academics—and to respond to an address by a diasporan scholar who had excoriated toxic PhD mentorship practices that have taken deep roots among Nigerian academics.
However, because Falola's private communication has been unethically divulged and is now being lazily weaponized as a counterblast to legitimate, well-intentioned diasporan critiques of the atrophy in Nigerian universities, I am compelled to correct three particularly egregious misconceptions in the article for the benefit of people who desire the unvarnished facts.
1. Folola claimed that diasporan critics of ASUU "teach in schools that are far below any Nigerian public University. How can someone from a US Tier 2 school be talking down on professors at the University of Ibadan?"
That is flat-out incorrect. I take no joy in saying this, but the truth is that the worst university in the US is light-years better than the best public university in Nigeria.
I don't say this to deride Nigerian universities (which are foundational to what I am today), but to lay bare the multiple layers of self-delusion that this kind of bewilderingly erroneous claim represents.
Because of America's wealth and investment in education, students and teachers in even the lowest-ranked American university (to the extent that there is any ontological utility in school rankings outside of the elitist and capitalist impulse to hierarchize and stratify) have access to every imaginable research and pedagogical tool they need to succeed.
The periodic, rigorous accreditation exercises of such regional accrediting bodies as the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, Middle States Commission on Higher Education, New England Commission of Higher Education, Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges, etc. ensure that accredited U.S. universities don't fall short of minimum standards of excellence.
Plus, PhD is the minimum requirement to teach at most U.S. universities, but the NUC said in 2016 that only about 60 percent of Nigerian university teachers have PhDs.
To compare any accredited U.S. university with any public university in Nigeria is to take wild escapist and nativist fantasies to a tragicomically risible realm.
2. Falola wrote: "Someone who has no PhD student and has not produced one will go to the University of Abuja to lecture people how to mentor students." Well, you don't have to supervise PhD students in your school to be qualified to mentor PhD students in another school. You only need to have a PhD to be qualified to mentor PhD students.
PhD mentoring isn't some esoteric art that is open only to a specially initiated intellectual cult. That is why scholars who spent lifetimes teaching at undergraduate institutions in America can—and do— seamlessly transition into mentoring PhD students in research universities when they change jobs. It only requires, at the minimum, replicating how you were trained.
In fact, in the past, particularly in British universities, experienced scholars without PhDs mentored PhD students. For example, Professor Wole Soyinka has only a BA, but he mentored famous African-American Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates Jr. when he did his PhD at Cambridge University.
Besides, because of the structure of the university system here, it's impossible for every university teacher in America to mentor PhD students. Out of America's nearly 5,000 colleges and universities, only 131 are "R1: Doctoral Universities" and only 135 are classified as "R2: Doctoral Universities."
In other words, most American universities don't offer PhDs in most courses even though most American university teachers have PhDs. That means there are only limited opportunities to teach in universities that offer PhDs even for those who desire to mentor PhD students.
But not offering graduate degrees is not a measure of quality but of a difference of missions. While a few universities want to be known for research, most are devoted to undergraduate teaching.
For instance, liberal arts colleges, which are expensive and prestigious, are committed entirely to excellence in undergraduate teaching. Most of them don't even offer master's degrees. To claim that PhDs who teach in one of these undergraduate institutions are incapable of mentoring PhD students elsewhere because they don't teach PhD students in their schools is to stretch the truth.
It is this misbegotten idea that PhD supervision is a sine qua non of scholarly machismo that has led to the grotesque perversion of doctoral education in Nigeria. Every newly established university— and every poorly staffed department in older universities— now strains hard to create PhD programs so that egoistical academics can graduate PhD students just to bolster their claims to scholarly virility.
It has led to the creeping but wholly philistine tradition in Nigerian universities that institutes PhD supervision as a prerequisite for promotion to full professor. This has conduced to the relentless spawning of hordes of nescient, intellectually ill-equipped PhDs who reproduce themselves in the system with a deplorably self-replicating virality that annihilates even the littlest pretense to scholarship.
It's OK to be an excellent teacher and a middling researcher or a terrific researcher and a passable teacher. Of course, it's great to be both, but universities in the US know it's not every day that you find people like Toyin Falola (who is both a supremely innovative teacher and a matchlessly prolific researcher.)
3. Falola equated criticisms of the bad scholarship and ethical infractions of Nigerian university teachers by their diasporan counterparts as "anti-African" and as "a pandemic to destroy Africa."
That's a tad too melodramatic, even a bit dissimulative. These critiques, which Falola himself engages in, come from tough love, passion for change, impatience with inexorably diminishing standards, and an intense awareness of what universities ought to be, which universities at home aren't.
Diasporan critics of homeland universities also draw from their own experiential data because they were once victims of instructional unaccountability and what I once called "pedagogical dictatorship."
Criticism of certain perverted practices in Nigerian universities isn't synonymous with a blanket condemnation of all Nigerian university teachers. There are certainly several outstanding researchers and exceptional teachers in Nigerian universities who are also ethical and a match for their peers anywhere in the world.
Moses Ochonu and I, for instance, wrote a joint tribute in my May 19, 2018 column in honor of our undergraduate professor at Bayero University titled "Prof. Saleh Abdu: Appreciation to an Exceptional Teacher." In several previous interventions on ASUU, I have also isolated remarkable teachers who made a difference in my life, who took their craft seriously, and who would be exemplars anywhere in the world.
But exceptions don't invalidate the rule; they prove it. The fact that Obafemi Awolowo University produced Toyin Falola in the 1970s is no defense against the facts of the heartrendingly systemic decay of the Nigerian university system and the inculpation of lecturers and governments in this decline.
Related Articles:
A Comparison of Nigerian and American University Teachers (I)
A Comparison of Nigerian and American University Teachers (II)
Farooq A. Kperogi, Ph.D.
School of Communication & Media
Social Science Building
Room 5092 MD 2207
402 Bartow Avenue
Kennesaw State UniversityKennesaw, Georgia, USA 30144
Cell: (+1) 404-573-9697
Personal website: www.farooqkperogi.comTwitter: @farooqkperogi
Nigeria's Digital Diaspora: Citizen Media, Democracy, and Participation
"The nice thing about pessimism is that you are constantly being either proven right or pleasantly surprised." G. F. Will--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/CAPq-FWtoOn3vNzFVHWEAyZjd31aCyCBO5C_aj3%3DVWBVBRU_gxw%40mail.gmail.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/SN7PR06MB7247F5D8242E6EDC1227E7A1F8BF9%40SN7PR06MB7247.namprd06.prod.outlook.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/CALUsqTRAd%3DK-_gR880miJdTqp1kKPERKnSBp-z08JHtyNd7tEA%40mail.gmail.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/1508205892.4359269.1611419236016%40mail.yahoo.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/55B3AF2E-D7BF-45D5-A3ED-906C304DE6A8%40gmail.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/1052000530.2298230.1611424883959%40mail.yahoo.com.--
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/CAAHJfPr2F7bEY-i71_DXVT2q68tUzQBV%2Bg8UkgptdAVe5GS4QA%40mail.gmail.com.
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/SN7PR06MB7247BBD3DB3EE09C549476ABF8BF9%40SN7PR06MB7247.namprd06.prod.outlook.com.
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
To post to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue@googlegroups.com
To subscribe to this group, send an email to USAAfricaDialogue+subscribe@googlegroups.com
Current archives at http://groups.google.com/group/USAAfricaDialogue
Early archives at http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/index.html
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "USA Africa Dialogue Series" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to usaafricadialogue+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/usaafricadialogue/CAAHJfPpa%3DGFpc3rvnJ9V6YL9FtEKL%2BidCNTK%3DMT878mTM9w6Tg%40mail.gmail.com.
No comments:
Post a Comment